Seawater systems organic fouling

Many of the contributions in this book are concerned with pheromones, i.e., chemical stimuli that are employed by crustaceans to attract conspecifics. However, chemical communication also includes substances that are used to repel other organisms. These repellents could be especially useful in the aquaculture context, e.g., to repel parasites or fouling organisms. Many crustaceans are parasites of commercially important fish species (e.g., salmon) and both traps and repellents could be used in controlling infection levels (e.g., Mordue and Birkett 2009). Similarly, barnacles are abundant fouling organisms in suspended structures or seawater systems and developing techniques to suppress their recruitment is one of the main motivations behind the identification of settlement factors (Clare, Chap. 22). 

Membrane fouHng is a membrane system phenomena. The type of feed water determines the severity of folding. For example, seawater RO membranes are mainly fouled by organic and particulate matter, whereas brackish water RO membranes are primarily fouled by dissolved but sparingly soluble salts. Substances that foul membranes are Hsted... 

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