Seals beach

Great Western Division, The Dow Chemical Company, Seal Beach, Calif. 

When aquifers were amended with nitrate in order to stimulate biodegradation, the results were generally consistent with those obtained in laboratory investigations. In a field injection experiment at Seal Beach, California, Ball et al. (1994) demonstrated complete removal of w-xylene and the m-,/-xylene fraction decreased significantly in parallel bioreactor experiments. A Canadian study showed a decrease in m- and /-xylene of 14% and 15%, respectively, over aim flowpath in the Borden aquifer (Barbara et al., 1992). Very little degradation was observed beyond that point, presumably due to the availability of preferred electron donors in the landfill leachate impacted aquifer. 

Free sulfide (> 1 mM) and higher BTEX (> 300 /tM) concentrations inhibited the bioconversion. In another study with Seal Beach sediments (Haag et al., 1991), /(-xylene was degraded in sulfate-reducing columns at a similar rate (0.2 /tmol/kg/day). 

Ball, H. A. Reinhard, M. (1996). Monoaromatic hydrocarbon degradation under anaerobic conditions at Seal Beach, California Laboratory studies. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (in press). 

CLEAN ENERGY FUELS CORP Seal Beach... 

Basel , R.C. Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in Man, 10th edn. Biomedical Publications, Seal Beach (2014)... 

Ball H. A. and ReinhardM. (1996) Monoaromatic hydrocarbon transformation under anaerobic conditions at seal beach, California laboratory smdies. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15(2), 114-122. 

Case 1 A Hazy Sunshine Study. An experiment was conducted at Seal Beach, Calif, in March sunlight to study how hazy sunshine affected picloram photodecomposition. The solution used was 8 cm deep, 3.73 X lO M in picloram, and adjusted to pH 7. 

During the exposure period, the Seal Beach area was subjected to fog and haze because of its location near the ocean. The estimated days of effective sunlight at each sampling date are shown in Table I along with the actual exposure time. The concentration data were calculated from the ultraviolet absorption spectra of samples taken at the indicated times, and the final point was confirmed by bioassay. 

California beaches also have a higher level of these pellets. Pre-production plastic pellets accounted for more than 90% of the debris collected in a study of beach sites from Seal Beach to San Clemente in Orange County (Moore et al. 2001) and 94% of the debris items found during the EPA s Harbor Studies Program (US EPA 1992). In the Combined Sewer Overflow Studies Program, pellets were found in municipal wastewater treatment systems of Philadelphia and Boston (Plastic Pellets in the Aquatic Environment 1992). 

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