Scopolamine antiemetic effects

Buclizine may be taken without water. The patient is instructed to place the tablet in the mouth and allow it to dissolve or to chew or swallow the tablet whole. When given for motion sickness, one 50-mg dose is usually effective. For more extensive travel, a second 50-mg dose may be taken alter 4 to 6 hours. When administering scopolamine, one transdermal system is applied behind the ear approximately 4 hours before the antiemetic effect is needed. About 1 gof scopolamine will be administered every 24 hours for 3 days. If the disk detaches from the body, discard it and place a fresh one behind the opposite ear. (See Fhtient and Family Teaching Checklist Applying Transdermal Scopolamine.)... 

Initiation of therapy - App y one system to the postauricular skin (ie, behind the ear) at least 4 hours before the antiemetic effect is required. To prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting, apply the patch the evening before scheduled surgery. To minimize exposure of the newborn baby to the drug, apply the patch 1 hour prior to cesarean section. Scopolamine approximately 1 mg will be delivered over 3 days. Wear only one disc at a time. Do not cut the patch. 

Peri-operative use transdermal scopolamine can be applied to the post-auricular skin either the evening prior to scheduled surgery or 4 hours prior to the time of the desired antiemetic effect (Figure 101.2). In the obstetric setting, the patch should be applied 1 hour prior to delivery by cesarean section to minimize exposure to the newborn. The patch should be kept in place for 24 hours following surgery, at which time it should be removed and discarded. 

Motion sickness transdermal scopolamine should 4Qg be applied 4 hours prior to the time of the desired antiemetic effect. The patch may be left on for up to 72... 

Motion sickness. Effective prophylaxis can be achieved with the parasympatholytic scopolamine (p. 106) and H antihistamines (p. 114) of the diphenyl-methane type (e.g., diphenhydramine, meclizine). Antiemetic activity is not a property shared by all parasympatho-lytics or antihistamines. The efficacy of the drugs mentioned depends on the actual situation of the in vidual (gastric filling, ethanol consumption), environ-... 

The transdermal adhesive form of scopolamine Transderm Scop) provides up to 72 hours of antiemetic protection when applied to the postauricular area. Side effects are similar to those of oral scopolamine (see Chapter 13) but milder. 

Nausea is also a common side effect of UAE and can be accentuated by the narcotic analgesia. Antiemetic medication should therefore be routinely prescribed. Transdermal scopolamine placed behind the ear prior to beginning the procedure may be helpful in decreasing the amount of nausea. 

In contrast to hyoscyamine/atropine which shows central depressant as well as central excitatory properties, its congener scopolamine is only characterized by the former property. Thus, it is suitable as a prophylactic antiemetic applied by a certain patch before a surgery or a travel in order to avoid nausea. An advantage of such a so-called transdermal delivery system (TDS) is given in so far as a steady blood level for three days is produced which is high enough to act as an antiemetic but low enough to be free from severe side effects (Tolksdorf et al. 1985). 

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