Schematic diagram of polarized

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of polarization-dependent total-reflection fluorescence XAFS.

Figure lb. Schematic diagram of polarized light used with the polarization modulation technique. (Reproduced with permission from Ref. 9. Copyright 1984 Elsevier.)... 

Figure 8.18 Schematical diagram of polarization of corrosion couple between galena and other minerals...

Fig 6. Schematic diagram of polarization measurements of a. Completely uniaxially oriented molecules, b. Two-dimensional system with partially oriented molecules, and c. Three-dimensional system with randomly oriented molecules. Axis of chromophoric group of the molecule lies along the double-headed arrows. The intensities of the incident exciting light and the fluorescence emission are represented by and //, respectively. The vertical and horizontal components of // are represented by J and /j respectively... 

Fig. 9.28 Schematic diagram of polarization gradient (Sisyphus) cooling (a) two counter-propagating linearly polarized waves with orthogonal polarization create a standing wave with z-dependent polarization, (b) Atomic level scheme and Clebsch-Gordan coefficients for a Jg = 1/2 Je = 3/2 transition, (c) Atomic Sisyphus effect in the lin J lin configuration [1169]...

FIGURE 1.6. Schematic diagram of polar ordering in smectic A phases. 

A schematic diagram of the surface of a liquid of non-chiral (a) and chiral molecules (b) is shown in figure Bl.5.8. Case (a) corresponds to oom-synnnetry (isotropic with a mirror plane) and case (b) to oo-symmetry (isotropic). For the crj/ -synnnetry, the SH signal for the polarization configurations of s-m/s-out and p-m/s-out vanish. From table Bl.5.1. we find, however, that for the co-synnnetry, an extra independent nonlinear susceptibility element, is present for SHG. Because of this extra element, the SH signal for... 

Figure Cl.4.3. Schematic diagram of the Tin-periD-lin configuration showing spatial dependence of the polarization in the standing-wave field (after 1171).

Figure C 1.5.13. Schematic diagram of an experimental set-up for imaging 3D single-molecule orientations. The excitation laser with either s- or p-polarization is reflected from the polymer/water boundary. Molecular fluorescence is imaged through an aberrating thin water layer, collected with an inverted microscope and imaged onto a CCD array. Aberrated and unaberrated emission patterns are observed for z- and xr-orientated molecules, respectively. Reprinted with pennission from Bartko and Dickson [148]. Copyright 1999 American Chemical Society.

Figure 8.13 Schematic diagram of 2-D planar cliromatographic separation using "D. In the first dimension (a and b) the total solvent strength was reduced stepwise at constant selectivity (Sx, Svi Sx Syi) to acliieve differences in polarity. In the second dimension (c and d), the...

Figure 8.15 Schematic diagrams of cross-sections of MD-TLC plates connected in series to ensure multidimensional separation on stationary phases of increasing polarity hatched lines, glass plate light shading, stationary phase A dark shading, stationary phase B.

Figure 8.19 Schematic diagram of the combination of multilayers (decreasing polarity) foi OPLC with different types of development (circular and anticircular ) and modes of detection (off-line and on-line).

Figure 8.21 Schematic diagram of the combination of bidirectional, multiple development and coupled layers in decreasing polarity (A > B > C).

Figure 13.3 Schematic diagram of the parallel cryogenic trap MDGC-IR-MS system A, splitless injection port B, RC-5 non-polar first-stage separation column C, HP 5970B MSD D, HP 5965B IRD E, four-poit two-way valve (300 °C maximum temperature) F, external auxiliary earner gas G, six-poit selection valve (300 °C maximum temperature) H, stainless-steel cryogenic caps I, tliree-poit two- way valve (300 °C maximum temperature) ...

Figure 14.4 Schematic diagram of the cliromatographic system used for the analysis of very low concentrations of sulfur compounds in ethene and propene CP, pressure regulator CF, flow regulator SL, sanrple loop R, restriction to replace column 2 VI, injection valve V2, tliree-way valve to direct the effluent of column 1 to either column 2 or the restriction column 1, non-polar- capillary column column 2, tliick-film capillary column SCD, sulfur chemiluminescence detector FID, flanre-ionization detector.

Figure 14.10 Schematic diagram of the aromatics analyser system BP, back-pressure regulator CF, flow controller CP, pressure controller Inj, splitless injector with septum purge V, tliree-way valve column I, polar capillary column column 2, non-polar capillary column R, restrictor FID I, and FID2, flame-ionization detectors.

Figure 14.12 Schematic diagram of the Refomiulyser system Inj, split injector Cl, polar capillary column C2, packed column to retain the alcohols C3, packed Porapak column for the separation of the oxygenates C4, non-polar capillary column C5, packed 13X column A/E cap, Tenax trap to retain the ar omatics Olf. trap, cap to retain the olefins Pt, olefins hydrogenatOT A cap, cap to retain the -alkanes FID, flame-ionization detector.

Figure 11. Schematic diagram of anodic polarization curve of passive-metal electrode when sweeping electrode potential in the noble direction. The dotted line indicates the polarization curve in the absence of Cl-ions, whereas the solid line is the polarization curve in the presence of Cl ions.7 Ep, passivation potential Eb, breakdown potential Epit> the critical pitting potential ETP, transpassive potential. (From N. Sato, J, Electrochem. Soc. 129, 255, 1982, Fig. 1. Reproduced by permission of The Electrochemical Society, Inc.)...

FIGURE 15.4 Polarized cultures of RPE as a model of blood-retina barrier (a) schematic diagram of the RPE at the blood-retina barrier and (b) culture of polarized RPE cells as a model of the blood-retina barrier. 

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the solid-state NMR pulse sequences for (a) quantitative single pulse 13C observe with gated decoupling and (b) Ti and (c) 13C Ti determinations via cross polarization.

Fig. 4. A schematic diagram of the 2D PDLF (PELF) method using the BLEW-48 sequence for 1H-1H dipolar decoupling. CP denotes cross polarization. The last two jt/2 pulses of the S spin act as a Z filter. (Reproduced by permission of Elsevier Sicence.)...

The two linearly polarized fields are generated by rf currents in two pairs of wires oriented parallel to B0 and connected to form two half-loops which cross each other perpendicularly. A cylindrical cavity operating in the TE112 mode was considered to be most suitable for this purpose. A schematic diagram of the cavity is shown in Fig. 6. 

Fig. 6.10. Schematic diagram of a multi-frequency phase-modulation fluorometer. P polarizers PC Pockel s cell S sample R reference.

Fig. 4. Schematic diagram of the layered model for a pore (47). The two nuclear spins diffuse in an infinite layer of finite thickness d between two flat surfaces. The M axes are fixed in the layer system. The L axes are fixed in the laboratory frame, with Bq oriented at the angle P from the normal axis n. The cylindrical polar relative coordinates p, (p, and z are based on the M axis. The smallest value of p corresponding to the distance of minimal approach between the two spin bearing molecules is 5.

Figure 9.13 Schematic diagram of the time response of polarization following application of a field E0 at time t0.

Figure 13.5 Schematic diagram of a polar nephelometer for measuring angular scattering. FI and F2 are possible polarizing filters.

Figure 13.12 Schematic diagram of a photoclastic modulator mated to a polar ncphelometcr.

Figure 14-11 Schematic diagram of the active site of the pyruvoyl enzyme histidine decarboxylase showing key polar interactions between the pyruvoyl group and groups of the inhibitor O-methylhistidine and surrounding enzyme groups. Aspartate 63 appears to form an ion pair with the imidazolium group of the substrate.268 Hydrogen bonds are indicated by dotted lines. See Gallagher et al.269...

Figure 8.6 Schematic diagram of the Wu et al. apparatus. (From H. Frauenfelder and E. M. Henley, Subatomic Physics, 2nd Edition. Copyright 1991 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. Reprinted by permission of Pearson Prentice-Hall.) A polarized nucleus emits electrons with momenta pt and P2 that are detected with intensities Ii and 72. The left figure shows the normal situation while the right figure shows what would be expected after applying the parity operator. Parity conservation implies the two situations cannot be distinguished experimentally (which was not the case).

Fig. 10. Schematic diagram of a longitudinal polarization wave in a condensed medium consisting of nonpolar molecules.

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