Scenario with compostable ecoplastic

Depending on which plant it conies from, the properties of starch change in particular, the shape of the grains is different and the proportion of amylose and amylopectin varies. The starch used in this example was provided by the company Roquette (159-113H10) and contained 25% amylose, 74.25% amylopectin, 0.1% lipids, 0.35% proteins and 0.3% minerals. The molar mass M , was approx. 50 X 10 g.mol and the degree of crystalhnity Xwas between 35 and 40% [ROQ]. 

it is possible to use these experimental parameters to adjust the level of de-stracturing of the starch. In addition, we can supplement these characterizations by measuring the viscosity in solution, because if the reaction is not halted early 

In addition, as the objective of starch formylation is to improve its compatibility with PCL, we need to examine the effect of functionalization in terms of increasing the interactions between the two polymers. The compatibility between the two polymer phases is better when the Floiy-Huggins interaction parameter fi2 is close to 0, i.e. when the solubility parameters S i of the two polymers are similar, if we look at equation [10.2]  

By evaluating these parameters on the basis of data taken fiem the existing literature [BRA 99], we can see that a degree of substitution of around 2 would be optimal to promote nuscibility of starch formate with PLC (Table 10.1). However, as we saw earher, such a DS would require the chains to be heavily degraded by scission first. 

Molten formulation also presents the advantage of preventing the use of solvents, which helps reduce the environmental impact, increase dispersion and reduce costs. The mixing and reactions can be performed by twin-screw extrusion, for example, with a rotation speed of 30 rpm and a temperature profile of 80, 85 and 90°C from the feed hopper to the screw. 

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Yet in practice, the boundary between the two classes is not quite so clear, because different combinations of these materials are possible. Indeed, we can veiy easily combine a cellulose biomatrix with biofibers of cellulose [SOY 09], biofillers with a recycled matrix [ADH 08], recycled fillers with a recycled matrix [ZRI07], or two or more recycled matrices with one another [GRI05]. All these combinations of ecoplastics may potentially be advantageous, but cioss-bio/recycled solutions pose the problem of choosing their end-of-life scenario recycling or composting, or finally incineration ... 

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