Scavengers, in radiolysis

Tritiated water in solution has been used in radiolysis scavenger studies are rare, but a few are known (Appleby and Gagnon, 1971 Lemaire and Ferradini, 1972). Electrons from the /3-decay of tritium have a broad spectrum between 0 and 18 KeV, with a peak at 5.5 KeV. Over this distribution, the energy is partitioned between spurs, blobs, and short tracks as 0.2 5 0.08 0.67, which... 

It is important to note that the constants + ks+e- derived from the ferrocyanide system, from these heterogeneous kinetics, agree very well indeed with the known constants obtained from the homogeneous kinetics in radiolysis experiments. Thus the scavenged species, e aQ> appears to have the same characteristics. 

Lam KY, Himt JW. (1975) Picosecond pulse radiolysis. VI. Fast electron reactions in concentrated solutions of scavengers in water and alcohols. Int J Radiat Phys Chem 7 317-338. 

A recent study using a pulse-radiolysis technique on liquid benzene solutions has shown that there is an abundant yield of excited singlet ( B2 ) and triplet ( B) states of benzene. The effect of ionic scavengers in this study shows that ions are precursors of both singlet and triplet states. It is concluded that the excited states arise from ion-electron recombination. This recombination is particularly facile in benzene solution owing to the numerous excited states of low energy in benzene, which rapidly thermalize the electrons. The formation of excited species which are relatively unreactive, as implied by the observation of fluorescence from these states, may account for the low (7-value of benzene decomposition in the liquid phase. 

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