Saturated moment

Cobalt in its normal metallic form involves resonance between the two following sexivalent structures, in the ratio 35 65, as indicated by the saturation moment 1-71 magnetons ... 

The contribution of Co A is presumably limited to 35 % by the destabilizing effects of absence of a metallic orbital and decreased d character of the bond orbitals, which oppose the stabilizing effect of the quartet atomic state. In the same way nickel involves resonance between the two following structures, in the ratio 30 70 (saturation moment 0-61) ... 

Judge et al. [78] examined other magnetic properties of CoP. The saturation moments crs were 100 and 116 emu/g for deposits from solutions A and B, respectively. Although the P content of the deposits varied with pH, the as values were essentially independent of pH. The squareness ratio of the M-H loop showed no significant dependence on any quantity other than film thickness it ranged from 0.5 for thin films to 0.8 for thick deposits. 

Table 9. Conduction electron polarization effect in uranium ferromagnetic monocompounds conduction electron polarization moment Psai saturation moment from magnetization studies ordered magnetic moment as determined by neutron scattering...

Ps is the bulk saturation moment determined by magnetization measurements. 

Ferromagnets have their spins aligned parallel and exhibit large positive (about 102) magnetic susceptibilities. They possess a macroscopic spontaneous magnetization at zero applied field below the Curie temperature, Tc, and have a characteristic saturation moment, Ms, in a finite applied field (see Fig. 128). 

This material has the rutile structure, and is metallic, the resistivity behaving like T2 at low temperatures (Rodbell et al 1966). It is ferromagnetic with a saturation moment of 2pB per Cr atom, the maximum possible value for a 3d2 state with no orbital angular momentum. 

Both possible valence states contribute in the ratio 78 22, giving iron the necessary magnetic saturation moment of 2.22 magnetons. This concept leads to a valency of 5.78. 

The saturation moment of 0.6 magnetons corresponds to resonance in the ratio 30 70. 

EuO is found [321] to be truly ferromagnetic at 77° K with a saturation moment of 7 Bohr magnetons. Nereson, Olsen and Arnold [322] have confirmed this behaviour of EuO by neutron diffraction studies. 

SmFe4Sbi2 is metallic and orders ferromagnetically for temperatures below 45 K with a relatively small saturation moment of 0.7/j.b (Dannebrock et al., 1996). 

EUR.U4P12 is metallic and orders ferromagnetically for temperatures below 18 K (Grandjean et al., 1983 Sekine et al., 2000b). The saturation moment is about 10% smaller than the Eu+2 value of 7/u-b which could imply an intermediate Eu valence or an incomplete filling of the lanthanide site. The value of the Eu isomer shift in EURU4P12 is -9.3 mm/s, which is compatible with Eu+2 in a metallic compound. 

EuRu4Sbn is metallic and becomes ferromagnetic for temperatures below 3.3 K (Takeda and Ishikawa, 2000b). The low temperature saturation moment is about 6.2/xb, 89% of the Eu+2 value. Low temperature heat capacity measurements indicate that the magnetic entropy removed due to magnetic order is also only about 90% of its expected value (Rln8). It is likely that the lanthanide site is not completely filled in this compound although mixed valence behavior can not be ruled out with the available data. 

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