Salt bridges diaphragms

Procedure First of all, assemble the cell as illustrated in, 1. STANDARD DIAPHRAGM "SALT BRIDGE" CELL of section 4. Thereafter, run through the steps 1 to 3 to properly assemble and charge your salt bridge clay pot cell. Once your cell as been properly charged with Epsom salt, you can proceed with preparation 2 sodium hypochlorite solution. 

Summary Isopropyl hypochlorite is readily prepared by electrolyzing a solution of isopropyl alcohol and pickling salt in the presence of sulfuric acid in a diaphragm salt bridge cell. The electrolysis takes considerable amount time, but produces no significant heat build-up. After the electrolysis process, the anode liquid is filtered, and then extracted with a suitable, low boiling solvent. Afterwards, the solvent is removed via evaporation, and then the desired isopropyl hypochlorite is recovered. 

The two half-reactions can also be spatially separated from each other by dividing them into the two half-cells of a galvanic cell where they are connected to each other by an exterior circuit. For example, the so-called Daniell cell (Fig. 23.5) is composed of a Zn and a Cu electrode that are immersed in corresponding Zn " or Cu " solutions whereby these electrolyte solutions are in contact with each other through a diaphragm. To avoid diffusion voltages, a salt bridge can be used instead. 

Fig. 4.1.4 Common diaphragms for salt bridges. The stopper/sleeve shown in (e) is usually made in an inverted way, so that the stopper can be removed from the outside of the tube. Reproduced with permission from [21]...

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