Ruthenium complexes spectra performance

SAPC can perform a broad spectrum of reactions such as hydroformylation, hydrogenation and oxidation, for the synthesis of bulk and fine chemicals, pharmaceuticals and their intermediates. Rhodium complexes are the most extensively used, but complexes of ruthenium, platinum, palladium, cobalt, molybdenum and copper have also been employed [63-65]. Owing to interfacial reactions, one of the main advantages of SAPC upon biphasic catalysis is that the solubility of the reactant in the catalytic aqueous-phase does not limit the performance of the supported aqueous phase catalysts. 

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