Rubber spargers

Figure 4 shows how the hold-up data (d = 9.5 cm) compares with the limits of literature values (4). In Figure 5, we treat the data from the two types of spargers according to the slip velocity model of Towell et al (] ). The slip velocity for the rubber spargers behaves rather curiously, sustaining a minimum when superficial gas velocity if 3 cm/sec. 

In the present research, we study two fundamental properties of bubble columns liquid hold-up and mixing. Both of these properties depend on the flow rates of the gas and liquid phases. These two properties may be considered response variables in the sense that their values depend on the way bubbles are formed. We present results for two types of bubble generating devices (or, for short, spargers) i.e. perforated rigid plates and perforated rubber sheets. An advantage of the rubber-sheet sparger is the self-cleaning feature. This is... 

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