Transfer function ring-disk

As the disk and the ring current are linked through three distinct steps, M co) can hence be split as the product of three transfer functions, i.e.. 

The difference between an RRDE and an RDE is the addition of the second working electrode in the form of a ring around the central disk-working electrode. As the disk and the ring electrodes are electrically isolated, both the disk and ring electrodes of an RRDE function as the separate two hydrodynamic electrodes. RRDE experiments are useful in studying multielectron processes, the kinetics of a slow electron transfer, adsorption/ desorption steps, and electrochemical reaction mechanisms, particularly for ORR. 

Koutecky—Levich plot, measured at different electrode rotating rates, if the O2 concentration, the O2 diffusion coefficient, and the solution kinetic viscosity are known. Here, we give the expression of apparent electron-transfer number of ORR as functions of both disk and ring currents, measured using the RRDE technique. 

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