Reserves, fluxes, and lifetimes of oxygen in its basic reservoirs

Biospheric budget of oxygen and ozone in the context of globalization 253 

The substances ejected by aircraft to the atmosphere include H2S04, HN03, 

CH3N02, CH3NO3, BrON02, HN04, C10N02. Many of these are responsible for the formation of polar stratospheric clouds, affect markedly the aerosol composition of the atmosphere, and intensify the greenhouse effect. 

Analysis of the distribution of these components in the atmosphere requires an understanding of photochemistry and atmospheric dynamics. Unfortunately, current ideas about the rates of reactions in which these substances participate, about the coefficients of micro/macro-turbidity, and about local synoptic characteristics are limited by data averaged in time and space. As a result many authors have found ways of simplifying matters to overcome these information uncertainties. 

This approach excludes the instability of using estimates. Nevertheless, there have been many successful attempts at modeling ozone photochemistry. A number of Lagrange-type models are efficient and some take into account up to 75 chemical elements and compounds. The 3-D model MOZART (Model for OZone And Related chemical Tracers) is also efficient (Kondratyev and Varotsos, 2000). 

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Figure 4.9. Reserves, fluxes, and lifetimes of oxygen in its basic reservoirs.

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