Reno-protective

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors such as captopril exert a long-term reno-protective effect. Among other effects, they lower systemic blood pressure and renal plasma flow and effectively reduce urinary protein excretion. Renal delivery of ACE-inhibitors may increase this efficacy and reduce extra-renal side-effects. Renal targeting of an ACE-in-hibitor can also be useful in clarifying the contribution of local ACE inhibition to these reno-protective effects. 

Rossing K, Jacobsen P, Pietraszek L, Parving HH. Reno-protective effects of adding angiotensin II receptor blocker to maximal recommended doses of ACE inhibitor in diabetic nephropathy a randomized doubleblind crossover trial. Diabetes Care 2003 26 2268-74. 

Diabetes is the most frequent cause of end-stage renal disease. Hypertension, which is common among patients with type 2 diabetes, accelerates the development and progression of renal disease. Early and tight blood pressure control in diabetic patients, preferably with antihypertensive agents that have proven reno-protective properties, is therefore essential to minimize loss of kidney function. Several controlled clinical trials have investigated and proved the beneficial effects of ARBs on type 2 diabetic nephropathy [10-14]. 

Karalliedde J and Viberti G. Evidence for reno-protection by blockade of the rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in hypertension and diabetes. J Human Hyperten 2006 20 239-253... 

Elmarakby AA(2012) Reno-protective mechanisms of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids in cardiovascular disease. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 302 R321-330... 

Department of Biochemistry, University of Nevada—Reno, Reno, NV 89557 Environmental Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,... 

Sadoulet, Ehsabeth, Frederico Finan, Alain de Janvry, and Renos Vakis. 2004. Can Conditional Cash Transfer Programs Improve Social Risk Management Social Protection Discussion Paper 0420. Washington DC World Bank. 

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