Reflectivity spectral Fresnel

To evaluate its capability for refractive index measurement, the fiber FPI device was tested using various liquids including methanol, acetone, and 2-propanol at room temperature. The interference spectra of the device immersed in various liquids are shown in Fig. 7.12 for comparison. The signal intensity dropped when the device was immersed in liquids as a result of the reduced refractive index contrast and thus lowered Fresnel reflections from the cavity endfaces. However, the interference fringes maintained a similar visibility. The spectral distance between the two adjacent valleys also decreased, indicating the increase of refractive index of the medium inside the cavity. Using (7.4), the refractive indices of the liquids were calculated to be nmethanoi = 1 -3283, acetone = 1 -3577, and n2-propanoi = 1.3739, which was close to the commonly accepted values. 

Complex Index of Refraction of Soot. Soot refractive index has been measured by several researchers. The experimental techniques used can be broadly categorized as in situ and ex situ techniques. In the former, the measurements are performed nonintrusively in a flame environment. The necessary information is retrieved either from spectral transmission data or both the transmission and scattering information, as in Refs. 215-224. The ex situ measurements involve the reflection/transmission of incident spectral radiation on planar pellets of soot, and the optical properties are determined using the Fresnel relations [225]. An alternative ex situ technique was used by Janzen [226], who dispersed the soot particles in a KBr matrix and used transmission measurements to extract the required optical properties. 

The last results were obtained for films 0.4 and 0.84m thick for EuS and EuSe, respectively, without taking account of Fresnel reflection. This introduced a certain systematic error of the order of 10% in the determination of a. which exa erated its true values. However, since we were interested in the relative spectral variation of a, the reflection could be neglected [12]. 

Direct, in situ HPTLC-FTIR measurement is carried out by diffuse reflectance using a DRIFT (Diffuse Reflection Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy) unit (Fig. 15) (40-45). It is necessary to take account of the fact that at wavelengths where the absorption is large and the refractive index is high, the incident radiation is almost 100% normally reflected at the surface so that there is scarcely any diffuse reflection, which is that part of the reflection that contains the spectral information concerning the sample, in contrast to the normal (Fresnel) reflection. This means that reflectance minima and not the expected reflectance maxima are obtained at wavelengths of strong absorption. With silica gel, the absorption maxima, also known as residual radiation bands, dominate appreciably in the 1300-... 

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