Refection coefficient

A special case of the two tube model is the single tube or uniform tube model where the cross sectional area is constant along the entire length of the tube. This is a reasonable approximation of the vocal tract when producing the schwa vowel. If.4i =.<42, then the refection coefficient ri = 0 and hence Equation 11.19 simplifies to... 

The refection coefficients for the p- and s- polarized hghts at the interface between the solution or gas (phase 1) and the substrate (phase 3), as shown in Fig. 4, are described as the following Fresnel s equations,... 

---