Redox couples cleaning

We also need to note that if a redox electrode made of iron is not clean but is rusty, then another redox couple is possible, i.e. the couple ... 

The electrochemistry of Re and Tc complexes is frequently compared. Rhenium compounds are more difhcult to reduce in a given oxidation state. Comparison of values from Table 1 of Sect. 16.2 and Table 1 of Sect. 16.3 at identical ligand composition indicates that Re potentials are 0.2-0.6V more negative than those ofTc, with the smaller differences occurring more frequently in the lower oxidation states. Lever constructed an electrochemical parameterization scheme on the basis of the ligand additivity principles for 119 Re redox couples [37]. The results are shown in Fig. 4. The lines for the Re / , Re / , and Re / couples are not as cleanly parallel as they are for Tc v/ Tc / , and Tc / (Fig. 2 of Sect. 16.2). Moreover, two lines are apparent for... 

The main problem is how to generate free radicals at low temperatures. It was discovered this can be done by using the trialkylborane-oxygen redox couple. Prior to the studies on thiocarbonyl compounds, Furukawa and Tsuruta (68) had used a mixture of trialkylboranes and oxygen for vinyl polymerizations, and studies by Fordham and Sturm (69) and Zutty and Welch (70) had confirmed them as free-radical polymerizations. For the fluorothiocarbonyl work (39), it was shown that at - 78° C the reaction of a trialkylborane and oxygen proceeds cleanly to an alkylperoxydialkylborane, V. 

The conventional dye cell uses I /I2 as the redox couple, and no other known redox couple works nearly as well [49]. The use of most other redox couples, and most substrates besides Sn02, is expected to accelerate the recombination reactions relative to the conventional dye cell and thus diminish Voc, independent of the mechanistic model (see Section VI). Because this would obscure what we were looking for, the relationship between and Voc, we used only the reduced half of the redox couple in order to minimize recombination rates and maximize Voc. Versus vacuum, the work functions of the clean electrodes are = 4.3 eV [88], 8 02 = 4.8 eV [88], = 5.1 eV [89], and 1 =... 

Rogers El, Silvester DS, Poole DL, Aldous L, Hardacre C, Compton RG (2008) Voltammetric characterization of the ferrocene ferrocenium and cobaltocenium cobaltocene redox couples in RTlLs. J Phys Chem C 112 2729-2735 Scott MP, Brazel CS, Benton MG, Mays JW, Holbrey JD, Rogers RD (2002) Application of ionic liquids as plasticizers for poly(methyl methacrylate). Chem Commun 2002 1370-1371 Seddon KR (1997) Ionic liquids for clean technology. J Chem Tech Biotechnol 68 315-316... 

Recent work indicates that metallic iron emplaced in a permeable barrier or wall can degrade chlorinated solvents in groundwater by a coupled redox reaction in which the solvent is the oxidant and the reduciant is Fe metal or product Fe or H2 (cf. Wilson 1995 Roush 1995). A similar Fe metal barrier has been used to reduce chromate concentrations to values below detection, and has been suggested as a means of cleaning up groundwaters high in nitrate (Wilson 1995). 

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