Recent groups

The first published direct medical cost of sleep apnea was 275 million in 1990 by the National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research. (47). More recently, groups in Manitoba, Canada and Puget Sound, Washington published direct medical cost analyses. Health care utilization by children with OSAS has also been studied in Israel. 

Recent Group IV chemistry has seen an upsurge in the number of amide derived species, and this has included fluoride derivatives. None of these compounds are of oxidation state -(-III or less, which are the subject of this review, but refer to titanium, zirconium or hafnium where the metal is the +IV state [1,9-12] and, consequently, not covered here. 

Growing drop methods constitute a more recent group of techniques, not discussed so far. They have in common that a drop is formed at the tip of a narrow capillary, inside which the pressure is measured by a very sensitive transducer. A variety of sophisticated designs to carry out the measurement can be found in the recent literature. ... 

In sharp contrast with this second set of reports that find unfavorable hydrogen storage capacities in carbon nanotubes, a more recent group of experiments... 

Although the most recent group of submitted NDAs shows some improvement, drugs for which the FDA has tried to expedite approval times (category A drugs) actually... 

The amount of strontium and barium in bones and teeth differs by two orders of magnitude (Table 1). Human strontium and barium levels in bones and teeth exist in a bimodal literature that derives from an interest in the incorporation of °Sr in the 1950s, and a more recent group of studies that focus on strontium s effect on mineralization. A wide range in strontium content in human bone is reported in groups of studies that are fifty years apart, but, in general, modem human bone and enamel tends to have strontium content <200 ppm, while barium content is commonly reported at less than 10 ppm. The amount of strontium in a normal human diet ranges from 0.023 to 0.046 mmol/Sr/day (Marie et al. 2001), and when administered with calcium, strontium is adsorbed to a lesser extent (Milsom et al. 1987). 

The most recent group of botanical products that have seen some commercial success as insecticides are the plant essential oils. Though some of these have traditional uses dating back decades, if not longer, commercialization has only taken place in the past 7-8 years. Plants producing essential oils that have been exploited for insect control include a number of herbs, most notably from the mint family (Lamiaceae), such as garden thyme Thymus vulgaris L.), rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis), and various species of mint Mentha spp.). ... 

Recently, groups experienced in Group IVB chemistry started research programs with the objective to study Group IIIB organometallic chemistry in relation both to early transition metals and f-elements. Thompson and Bercaw recently published their results on Cp ScR compounds [33]. Our work on Cp YR chemistry will be reported in the following section. In relation to this, relevant literature data on organo-yttrium chemisty will be mentioned first. 

Figure 15.2 Recent group 4 catalysts for alkyne hydroamination.

The lichenized Dothideales appear to be a small relatively recent group with a very large number of nonlichenized forms. Many form a lichenoid type but the boundary between lichens and lichenoid fungi and fungi which are perennial is especially difficult to draw in this group. 

The order of filling is even more irregular than that suggested by this sequence. There exist about twenty exceptions to the simple aufbau scheme proposed by Bohr. This is one genuine sense in which the periodic table has not been reduced to quantum mechanics or atomic theory. Nevertheless, some recent group theoretical work has explained the sequence of 2,8,8,18,18 etc. in the order of filling of electron shells but not the anomalies mentioned above. (Kibler and Odabasi, 1973 Novaro, 1973 Kibler, 1989). 

---