Reagentless enzyme electrode development

Conducting polymer-based amperometric enzyme electrodes towards the development of miniaturized reagentless biosensors. Synthetic Metals, 61 (1-2), 31-35. 

Schuhmann, W., Huber, J., Kranz, C., and Wohlschalger, H., Conducting polymer-based amperometric enzyme electrodes. Towards the development of miniaturized reagentless biosensors, Synth. Met., 61. 31-35 (1994). 

This review is a survey of the research on the direct electron transfer (DET) between biomolecules and electrodes for the development of reagentless biosensors. Both the catalytic reaction of a protein or an enzyme and the coupling with further reaction have been used analytically. For better understanding and a better overview, this chapter begins with a description of electron transfer processes of redox proteins at electrodes. Then the behaviour of the relevant proteins and enzymes at electrodes is briefly characterized and the respective biosensors are described. In the last section sensors for superoxide, nitric oxide and peroxide are presented. These have been developed with several proteins and enzymes. The review is far from complete, for example, the large class of iron-sulfur proteins has hardly been touched. Here the interested reader may consult recent reviews and work cited therein [1,19]. 

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