Reagent guides

Figure 16.3 An example of the reagent guide for the oxidation of a primary alcohol to an aldehyde.

Table 15.3 Calculation of the Environmental, Health, and Safety Score Components of the GSK Reagent Guide...

ACS GCI Pharmaceutical roundtable reagent guides — version for members, http //www.acs.org/ content/acs/en/greenchemistry/industry-business/pharmaceutical.html [last accessed 16.05.15]. 

Figure 2.7 Sample Pfizer reagent guides for oxidation of primary alcohol to aldehyde.

Figure 2.8 Sample GSK reagent guide for alkene reduction.

Reagent guides can give generalised advice on common reaction classes. 

Reactions considered in this section have, as their guiding principle, bond formation occurring via reaction of a binucleophilic component with an electron-deficient bielec-trophilic counterpart. As the number of available binucleophiles containing two heteroatoms is comparatively small, the principal emphasis is placed on the bielectrophilic component of the reaction. Reagents under consideration may be arbitrarily classified into three general groups ... 

Nitration of a substituted quinoxaline usually occurs in the homocyclic ring and occasionally in an exocyclic substituent such as a phenyl group. The actual position(s) of nitration can seldom be forecast with any confidence analogy with reported nitrations is still the best guide. Accordingly, the following examples are classified, not by nitration sites but by the reagents used. 

When an unsymmetrical reagent is added to an unsymmetrical substrate, the question arises Which side of the reagent goes to which side of the double or triple bond The terms side and face are arbitrary, and a simple guide is shown to help understand the arguments used here. For electrophilic attack, the answer is given by... 

Problem Alcohol (14) was needed to make the corresponding Grignard reagent.Suggest a synthesis guided by branch-point disconnect ions. 

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