Rare earth ions, electron spin resonance

Studies of doping of Nd " in YPO4 have shown that for a concentration of Nd " greater than 8.2 wt% the structure changes to the lower symmetry monazite form (Kireeva et al., 1973 Zverev et al., 1973). Concentration effects have been studied by electron spin resonance for a number of rare-earth ions in YPO4 (Hillmer, 1973). 

YPtBi The nonmagnetic member YPtBi has been primarily exploited as a host in which various other rare earth ions such as Nd, Gd, Er, and Yb have been doped (Martins et al., 1996 Pagliuso et al., 1999 Gtiner et al., 2003a, 2003b). From electron-spin resonance spectra, crystal-field splitting parameters for the rare earth site have been estimated. 

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