Raoult’s law of vapor pressure

Raoult s law The vapor pressure of a liquid solution of a nonvolatile solute is directly proportional to the mole fraction of the solvent in the solution P = soiventPm,re, where Ppurc is the vapor pressure of the pure solvent. 

RAOULT S LAW. The vapor pressure of a substance in equilibrium with a solution containing the substance is equal to the product of the mole fraction of the substance in the solution and the vapor pressure of the pure substance at the temperature of the solution. The law is not applicable to most solutions, but is often approximately applicable to a mixture of closely similar substances, particularly the substance present in high concentration. See also Vapor Pressure. 

According to Raoult s law, the vapor pressure of the solution equals the vapor pressure of pure solvent times the mole fraction of the solvent in the solution. Thus, we have to find the numbers of moles of solvent and solute and then calculate the mole fraction of solvent. 

Liquid A and liquid B form a solution that behaves ideally according to Raoult s law. The vapor pressures of the pure substances A and B are 7 5 mm Hg and 25 mm Hg, respectively. Determine the vapor pressure over the solution if 1.50 moles of liquid A is added to 5.50 moles of liquid B. 

You have learned that adding a nonvolatile solute to a solvent lowers the vapor pressure of that solvent. The amount by which the vapor pressure is lowered can be calculated by means of a relationship discovered by the French chemist Francois Marie Raoult (1830-1901) in 1886. According to Raoult s law, the vapor pressure of a solvent (P) is equal to the product of its vapor pressure when pure (P°) and its mole fraction (X) in the solution, or... 

In Chemistry Lecture 4, we saw that the addition of a nonvolatile solute will lower tire vapor pressure of the solution in direct proportion to the number of particles added, as per Raoult s law. The vapor pressure has an important relationship to the normal boiling point. When the vapor pressure of a solution reaches the local atmospheric pressure, boiling occurs. Thus, the boiling point of a substance is also dranged by the addition of a solute. The addition of a nonvolatile solute lowers the the vapor pressure and elevates the boiling point. The equation for the boiling point elevation of an ideally dilute solution due to the addition of a nonvolatile solute is ... 

The freezing points of three glycerol solutions in water are — 1.918 C for 1.0 molal, — 3.932 C for 2.0 molal and — 10.68 for 5.0 molal. Determine the activities and activity coefficients of the water in these solutions on the basis of the usual standard state, and consider the departure from Raoult s law. The vapor pressure of pure (supercooled) water at — 1.92 C is 3.980 mm. what would be the aqueous vapor pressure of the 1.0 molal glycerol solution at this temperature ... 

The A -valuc of n-butane can be calculated by Raoult s law. Its vapor pressure is given by the following equation, with the pressure in kPa and the temperature in K ... 

The VLE relationship that applies under these conditions is Raoult s law. The vapor pressure of the two components P.) is related to temperature through Wagner s equation (Reid et al., 1987)... 

The first row represents a Case 1 situation in which A s attract A s and B s attract B s more strongly than A s attract B s. As described in Section 12.6 of the text, this results in positive deviation from Raoult s law (higher vapor pressure than calculated) and positive heat of solution (endothermic). 

Raoult s Law The vapor pressure of each component in an ideal solution is dependent on both the partial pressure and the mole fraction of each component in the solution. 

Raoult s law the vapor pressure of a solution is directly proportional to the mole fraction of solvent present. (17.4) Rate constant the proportionality constant in the relationship between reaction rate and reactant concentrations. (15.2)... 

Raoult s law, calculating vapor pressure of solvent above a solution... 

Raoult s law. The vapor pressure of the solvent over a solution is given by the product of the vapor pressure of the pure solvent and the mole fraction of the solvent in the solution. (12.6) rare earth series. See lanthanide series, rate constant (it). Constant of proportionality between the reaction rate and the concentrations of reactants. (13.1) rate law. An expression relating the rate of a reaction to the rate constant and the concentrations of the reactants. (13.2) rate-determining step. The slowest step in the sequence of steps leading to the formation of products. (13.5) reactants. The starting substances in a chemical reaction. (3.7) reaction mechanism. The sequence of elementary steps that leads to product formation. (13.5)... 

---