Raoult, Frangois

The French chemist Frangois-Marie Raoult found that for some solutions a plot of solvent vapor pressure against solvent mole fraction can be fitted closely by a straight line (Fig. 11.10). Solutions that conform to this straight-line relationship obey the following simple equation ... 

One of the first to investigate the mathematical relationship between the vapor pressure reduction and the amount of solute was Frangois Raoult. The mathematical relationship he determined is known as Raoult s law. What the law states is that the partial pressure of the solvent over a solution equals the vapor pressure of the pure solvent times the mole fraction of solvent in the solution. As an equation, this becomes... 

Detailed studies of the vapor pressures of solutions containing nonvolatile solutes were carried out by Frangois M. Raoult (1830-1901). His results are described by the equation known as Raoult s law ... 

In the late nineteenth century, Frangois-Marie Raoult" observed that for many binary liquid mixtures, the partial pressure of component i in the equilibrium vapor phase is given by the mole fraction of the component in the solution (jr ) times the vapor pressure of i in its pure liquid form (Pf) ... 

Frangois-Marie Raoult (1830-1901). French chemist. Raoult s work was mainly in solution properties and electrochemistry. 

For an ideal mixture of two liquids, the vapor pressures are related to the composition in the liquid mixture by Raoult s law (Frangois-Marie RaouU, see box) ... 

Experiments conducted by Frangois-Marie Raoult (1830-1901) in the 1870s showed that if the mole fraction of the solvent is nearly equal to 1, i.e. for dilute solutions, equation (8.1.10) is valid. For this reason (8.1.10) is called the Raoult s law. The chemical potential of the vapor phase of the solvent Ps,g = Ts,g(Po, T) + RTIn (ps/po) can now be related to its mole fraction in the solution by using the Raoult s law and setting po= P -... 

In 1882, French Chemist Frangois-Marie Raoult determined that the pressure generated by a solution was a function of the mole fraction of the species in the solution and the vapor pressure of the species. Starting from a simple solution in which only one species has a significant vapor pressure allows a simple expression of Raoult s law... 

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