Radioactive material placarding requirements

Freight containers with capacities of less than 640 cubic feet need not be placarded when containing hazardous materials if the container is labeled in accordance with Subpart E of Part 172 and the mode of transpK)rtation is other than by air. When air transportation is involved, such containers must be placarded with one placard, unless the container is labeled in accordance with Section 172.406(e)(3), or contains radioactive materials requiring the RADIOACTIVE YELLOW-III label and is placarded with one RADIOACTIVE placard and is labeled in accordance with Section 172.406(e). 

Radiation is ionizing energy spontaneously emitted by a material or combination of materials. A radioactive material, then, is a material that spontaneously emits ionizing radiation. There are three types of DOT labels used to mark radioactive packages. They are Radioactive 1,11, and 111. These radioactive materials are determined by the radiation level at the package surface (see Figure 9.1). Radioactive III materials are the only radioactives that require placarding on a transportation vehicle. 

General placarding requirements are described in 49 CFR 172.504. Placards are required at each end and on each side of a transport vehicle, bulk package, or freight container for hazardous materials in accordance with Table 1 of this section. Radioactive materials require Class 7 placards if package dose rates merit a Yellow-111 label, and for exclusive use LSA and SCO shipments. Note that placards for a highway route controlled quantity are of a different design than standard Class 7 placards. 

Which of the following radioactive-labeled materials require placarding on the transport vehicle regardless of the quantity ... 

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