Radicals in synthesis

J.A. Murphy, Free Radicals in Synthesis Clean Reagents Affording Oxidative or Reductive Termination , Pure and Applied Chemistry, Special Topic Issue on Green Chemistry, 2000, 72(7) 1327. 

Chapter 10 considers the role of reactive intermediates—carbocations, carbenes, and radicals—in synthesis. The carbocation reactions covered include the carbonyl-ene reaction, polyolefin cyclization, and carbocation rearrangements. In the carbene section, addition (cyclopropanation) and insertion reactions are emphasized. Recent development of catalysts that provide both selectivity and enantioselectivity are discussed, and both intermolecular and intramolecular (cyclization) addition reactions of radicals are dealt with. The use of atom transfer steps and tandem sequences in synthesis is also illustrated. 

Chatgilialoglu, C. In Tree Radicals in Synthesis and Biology, F. Minisci (Ed), Kluwer, Dordrecht, 1989, pp. 115-123. (Proceedings of a NATO ARW held in Bardolino, Italy, 8-13 May 1988). 

Minisci, F. (ed.) (1989). Free Radicals in Synthesis and Biology. Kluwer, Dordrecht... 

A. Carbohydrate radicals in synthesis B. Stereochemistry and conformations of carbohydrate 507... 

Schuchmann MN, Naumov S, Schuchmann H-P, von Sonntag J, von Sonntag C (2005) 4-Amino-3Ff-pyrimidin-2-one ("isocytosine") is a short-lived non-radical intermediate formed in the pulse radiolysis of cytosine in aqueous solution. Radiat Phys Chem 72 243-250 Schulte-Frohlinde D, Hildenbrand K (1989) Electron spin resonance studies of the reactions of OH and SO4 radicals with DNA, polynucleotides and single base model compounds. In Minisci F (ed) Free radicals in synthesis and biology. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp 335-359 Schulte-Frohlinde D, Behrens G, Onal A (1986) Lifetime of peroxyl radicals of poly(U), poly(A) and single- and double-stranded DNA and the rate of their reaction with thiols. Int J Radiat Biol 50 103-110... 

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