Radiation absorptivity for

The physical mechanisms of cold transfer are the same as heat transfer and use the same physical processes of conduction, convection, and radiation/absorption (for more information on these processes see Sec. 6.1.1). 

In equation 6.24, integration for all possible directions O over the entire spherical space has been performed. For polychromatic radiation, integration over the wavelength range of interest must be carried out. In the elementary volume of radiation absorption, for single photon absorption, energy is absorbed according to... 

The thermal effect of radiation absorption (for an absorbed dose of lOkGy, corresponding to 2.4 calories per gram, the water temperature... 

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