Quaternary amines examples

All lation. Alkylating agents such as diaLkyl sulfates and alkyl hahdes react with ahphatic amine oxides to form trialkylalkoxyammonium quaternaries. For example (33), methyl iodide reacts with trimethyl amine oxide to form trimethylmethoxyammonium iodide... 

For example, Mannich reaction of N-methylpyrrole affords the corresponding dimethylaminomethyl derivative (2) and treatment with methyl iodide affords the quaternary salt (3). Displacement of the quaternary amine by means of cyanide leads to the substituted... 

Following cleavage with hydrogen fluoride, the various classes of peptides were separated in a one-step purification procedure on a tertiary or quaternary amine column. After removal of the Sulfmoc group with 5% TEA, homogeneous Leu-Ala-Gly-Val, for example, was obtained. The Sulfmoc procedure was also very effective for purification of synthetic thymosin oq (28 residues). 87 This was the first use of an Fmoc derivative for selective and reversible orthogonal peptide purification. 

Quaternary amines consist of four alkyl or aryl groups attached to an N atom and, therefore, may be considered substituted ammonium bases. Commonly, they are referred lo in the trade as quaternary ammonium compounds. An example is tetramethyl ammonium iodide. 

The tertiary and quaternary amine salts of l,3-diphenyl-2-pyrazoline derivatives (Table 7.9) are brilliant, moderately lightfast brighteners for (modified) polyacrylonitriles. Some can also be used to brighten cellulose acetate. Depending on the structure and nature of the anion, concentrated aqueous solutions with long shelf lives can be obtained such products are needed, for example, in gel brightening. 

The two reactions below are examples (i) of a quaternary amine pairing with a weak acid, and (ii) of an alkyl sulfate with a weak base, both under pH conditions in which the solute is charged ... 

This type of polymer is used, for example, to make resins with strong anion exchange properties[5]. Because the amino groups directly connected to the aromatic ring are weak bases, further methylation can be applied to form quaternary amines that are stronger bases. Pyrolysis of this type of polymer gives indication of both type of condensation. 

Antistatic agent can also be called antistat in the industry. The best antistatic agents used in fibre finishes are quaternary amines and alcohol phosphate esters. For example, A-cetyl-A-ethylmorpholinium ethylsulphate shown in Fig. 5.8a and stearyl alcohol phosphate shown in Fig. 5.8b are representative antistats. 

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