Pyridine coenzymes, biosynthesis

Thieno[2,3-. ]pyridine derivatives, 155, can be successfully used as replacements for the hexahydronaphthalene ring found in naturally occurring 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors <2001BML1285>. These compounds also display significant inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis in vivo. 

The pyridine nucleotide coenzymes, NAD and NADP, provide the reducing equivalents necessary for energy transduction and biosynthesis in living cells. The reduced coenzymes are generated by the transfer of a hydride anion from a wide variety of substrates and catalyzed by an equally wide variety of dehydrogenases, the half reaction being... 

A. G. Moat J. W. Foster, Biosynthesis and Salvage Pathways of Pyridine Nucleotides. In Pyridine Nucleotide Coenzymes - Part B P. R. Dolphin, 0. Avramovich, Eds. John Wiley Sons New York, 1987 pp 1-20. 

The pyridine ring plays a key role in several biological processes, most notably in the oxidation/reduction coenzyme nicotine adenine dinucleotide (NADP) the vitamin niacin (or the corresponding acid) is required for its biosynthesis. Pyridoxine (vitamin Bg) plays a key role as the coenzyme in transaminases. Nicotine, a highly toxic alkaloid, is the major active component in tobacco, and the most addictive drug known. ... 

In the rapid biosynthesis of DPN induced by the injection of nicotinamide, the increase in coenzyme is associated with a parallel rise of the liver acid-soluble adenine, nicotinamide, ribose, and phosphate 303). No changes in the concentrations of nucleic acids, or of 5 -adenylic acid, ADP, and ATP have been detected. These results show that formation of the newly synthesized pyridine coenz3rme does not occur at the expense of the... 

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