Pulsed firing

Primers, Military (US) (Table E9 on p E57 gives electrical characteristics and compos of explosive trains of Electric Primers XM85, 87, 88 and 89) Electric Squib, MK1, All-Purposes (Vol 5, p E59-L) Electro-Explosive Devices (Vol 5, pp E63 L to E64-L)l Electro-Explosive Devices, Pulse Firing (Vol 5, p E65) Electro-Explosive Device, Thin Film for (Vol 5, p E68-L)... 

V.J. Menichelli, "Half-Sine Wave Pulse Firing of Electro explosive Devices , Jet Propulsion Laboratory Report 32—1534, July 1971. Order as N71 31193 from NTIS, US Dept of Commerce, Springfield, Va, 22151 3) Gunther Cohn, Edit, Exp Is Pyrots 5(2), Feb 1972 (Review of Ref 2)... 

Electro-explosive devices (EED s) pulse firing of 5E65... 

Incorporate pulse firing, which takes advantage of all the energy of high fire velocity (momentum) in limited time firings instead of throttling burners to low... 

The use of excess air to achieve temperature uniformity costs more fuel, but so does holding the furnace in a soak mode for a long time to achieve uniformity. An alternative to high excess air is to use pulse firing so that the desired high mass flow is either high or off. 

Pulse-controlled firing, where burners are cycled on and off systematically, has attracted many adherents. Stepped pulse firing (an alternative to excess air firing) saves fuel while maintaining maximum circulation (to assure temperature uniformity) and high convection heat transfer. 

Q10. Why do pulse firing and step firing reduce fuel rates ... 

AlO. Conventionally, excess air has been used to reduce temperature differences along the gas flow paths, but that approach costs more fuel. With pulsed flows, high mass flows accomplish the same more-level temperature profile as excess air but without the fuel cost and without the necessary added soak time. Stepped pulse firing allows soak times between its pulses. 

PRF. Defines the pulse repetition frequency (PRF), in Hz, of the probe firing. 

Figure B2.3.9. Schematic diagram of an apparatus for laser fluorescence detection of reaction products. The dye laser is syncln-onized to fire a short delay after the excimer laser pulse, which is used to generate one of the reagents photolytically.

There are two types of impulse printers (Eig. 19). A piezoelectric ink jet propels a drop by flexing one or more walls of the firing chamber to decrease rapidly the volume of the firing chamber. This causes a pressure pulse and forces out a drop of ink. The flexing wall is either a piezoelectric crystal or a diaphragm driven by a piezoelectric incorporated into the firing chamber (Eig. 19a). Thermal impulse ink jets also propel one drop at a time, but these use rapid bubble formation to force part of the ink in a firing chamber out the orifice (Eig. 19b). 

The thyristor is a semiconductor device made of germanium or silicon wafers and comprises three or more Junctions, which can be switched from the OFF state to the ON state or vice versa. Basically it is a ptipn junction, as shown in Figure 6.20(a) and can be considered as composed of two transistors with npn and pnpjunctions, as illustrated in Figure 6.20(b). It does not turn ON when it is forward biased, unlike a diode, unless there is a gate firing pulse. Thyristors are forced commutated (a technique... 

Flywheels are found in internal-combustion engines, where they damp out torque pulses caused by the periodic firing of cylinders. In this application, energy is stored veiy briefly before it is used— for less than one revolution of the wheel itself... 

NOTE Action potentials are represented as a pulse output from a spike-height discriminator Each vertical line represents one action potential. The firing rate of this neuron during similar pre-and postdrug behaviors is increased by injection of 1.0 mg/kg, SC, amphetamine. This increase occurs for both locomotion (from a mean of 28.3 to 39.0 spikes/sec) and face washing (fiom a mean of 43.7 to 46.5 spikes/sec). 

The analytical area of interest is positioned in the focal spot of the He Ne laser beam, the transient recorder is armed to record, and the Nd YAG laser is fired. This laser pulse of between 5 and 15 ns duration produces a packet of ions that is accelerated from the sample surface and injected into the TOF-MS. All the... 

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