Pulse sequence diagram from

Figure 8. (a) Pulse sequence resulting from optimization of the control field to generate H in the same reaction as studied in Fig. 6. (6) The Husimi transform of the pulse sequence shown in (a). (c) Time dependence of the norms of the ground-state and excited-state populations as a result of application of the pulse sequence shown in (a). Absolute value of the ground-state wave function at 1500 au (37.5 fs) propagated under the pulse sequence shown in (a), shown superposed on a contour diagram of the ground-state potential energy surface. (From D. J. Tannor and Y. Jin, in Mode Selective Chemistry, B. Pullman, J. Jortner, and R. D. Levine, Eds. Kluwer, Dordrecht, 1991.)...

Figure 2 Schematic diagram for the PFG pulse sequence. Cited from Ref. [7].

Figure 7.16 Pulse sequence diagram for Tj CPMG experiment. The dashed line on the echoes shows the rate at which spins lose coherence among themselves. Spin states are reported at specific times (a) net magnetisation flipped onto the transverse plane for signal detection (b) spins dephasing from the y direction (c) P gQ pulse which reverse spins instantaneous phase angles (d) spins rephasing towards the y direction. Panels (e) and (f) show spins in-phase states (signal echoes).

Figure 7.19 Pulse sequence diagram for solid-echo experiment. The detected signal (red line) is composed of an exponential decay part and a Gaussian part. (Adapted from Valori et al. 2013.)...

Fig. 5 Symmetry-based dipolar recoupling illustrated in terms of pulse sequences for the CN (a) and RNvn (b) pulse sequences, a spin-space selection diagram for the Cl symmetry (c) (reproduced from [118] with permission). Application of POST-CVj [31] as an element in a H- H double-quantum vs 13C chemical shift correlation experiment (d) used as elements (B panel) in a study of water binding to polycrystalline proteins (reproduced from [119] with permission)...

Fig. 4 The top diagram represents the pulse sequence for the cross-polarizatior experiment the bottom diagram describes the behavior of the H and l3C spin magnetizations during the sequence. The steps in the two diagrams correspond to each other anc are fully explained in the text. (From Ref. 15.)...

Fig. 11.15 Diagram showing the relative proximity of the two ligands Glp and S3P, which form a stable ternary complex with the enzyme EPSP synthase. The distance constraints were obtained from both homonuclear and heteronuclear dipolar couplings obtained using the REDOR and DRAMA pulse sequence, together with a model showing a...

Figure 3.24 Schematic diagram of the pulse sequence in the composite STIRAP protocol. Note the Stokes and pump pulses are reversed between successive pulse pairs when the Stokes and pump pulses are resonant with the level spacing, whereas they are not reversed between successive pulse pairs when the Stokes and pump pulses are off resonance with the level spacing. (From Ref. 77).

For a series of pulses (a pulse sequence), we can select the change in coherence order Ap resulting from each of the pulses if we phase cycle all of the pulses and then calculate the effect of the desired coherence pathway on the final phase. If we diagram the coherence pathway, we can note the change in coherence order Ap caused by each pulse and then calculate the receiver phase change necessary to make the desired combination of Ap s add together at the receiver while all other pathways cancel ... 

This pulse sequence is diagrammed in Figure 11.36. Below the pulse sequence are shown the spectra that would be obtained if an FID were acquired at each stage of the pulse sequence, with H spectra above and 13C spectra below. The antiphase 13C signal is shown with a phase shift of 180°, for example, resulting from evolution of the 13C chemical shift during t. ... 

To make this into a 3D experiment we need to create a third time domain, in this case a time domain that encodes the chemical shift of the Hn proton. We simply stop for a moment on our journey from 15N SQC to Hn SQC to Ha and side-chain H coherence, at the point where we have an Hn coherence, and insert an evolution delay to indirectly record the chemical shift of the Hn- The pulse sequence is shown in Figure 12.46 (center) and the coherence pathway is diagramed in Figure 12.47. The new evolution delay is called f2 because it is the second independent time domain, forcing us to rename the direct time domain of the FID as 3. In the center of the t2 evolution delay there is a 15N 180° pulse to reverse the 1Jnh coupling evolution so that the Hn will not be split by 15N in the F2 dimension, just as the t evolution delay includes a 180° pulse in the center to decouple ... 

Figure 12 Pulse sequence and corresponding coherence transfer pathway diagram for (A) the z-filtered spin-echo (B) the refocused INADEQUATE and (C) the refocused INADEQUATE spin-echo (REINE) experiments.Thin and thick rectangles, respectively, represent n/1 and n pulses. Taken from Ref. [65].

Figure 9.22. A. Schematic diagram of the Inversion Recovery Cross Polarisation (IRCP) pulse sequence exploiting the different relaxation behaviour of NH groups in borane-ammonia complexes containing different numbers of protons. B. Evolution vs. inversion time of the N IRCP MAS NMR signals from the different N-H groups in MexNH3 x.BH3 compounds. From Gervais et al. (1998), by permission of John Wiley and Sons Ltd.

Figure 6. Pulse sequences and coherence transfer pathway diagrams for (a) a 2D CRAMPS experiment incorporating a z-filter to ensure that pure absorption-mode line shapes are obtained and (b) a 2D constant-time CRAMPS experiment. The relative performance of the two experiments with respect to yielding high-resolution H NMR spectra in the indirect (F ) dimension is illustrated by Figure 5c,d and is discussed in the text. (Adapted with permission from Figure 2 of ref 78. Copyright 2001 American Chemical Society.)...

Fig. 2. (a) Schematic diagram of pulse sequence used in hole-burning experiments as described in the text, (b) Usual FID pulse sequence, (c) Unsaturated FID spectra for two representative samples, (d) Difference spectra. The solid lines are Gaussian fits to the data. [From Reimer et al. (1981b).]... 

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