Proton condition sodium bicarbonate

A solution of estradiol (38, 15 mg) in methanol-OD (4 ml) and one drop of 10% deuteriosulfuric acid in deuterium oxide is heated under reflux for 5 days. After cooling the reaction mixture is diluted with ether, washed with dilute sodium bicarbonate solution and water, then dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. Evaporation of the ether gives crystalline 2,4-d2-estradiol (39, 15 mg, 99%), mp 173-175° (ether-hexane), exhibiting 82% isotopic purity and only one aromatic hydrogen by NMR. (For an experimental procedure describing the exchange of aromatic protons under Clemmensen conditions, see section III-D.)... 

Limited pH changes may occur if water electrolysis reactions (Equations 3 and 4) occur at the same rate and efficiency. In a completely mixed reactor, the proton produced at the anode should neutralize the hydroxyl ion produced at the cathode. However, the results indicated that the pH decreased to less than 5.5 even under completely mixed conditions in fed-batch reactors. The pH drop indicate less hydroxyl production at the cathode, either because different electrolysis reactions occurred (other than Equation 4) or because of biochemical reactions in the reactor. The type and concentrations of ions in the solution will impact the pH changes and require further investigation. Sodium bicarbonate was used and was effective in buffering the system for the range of electric field strengths studied. 

State the proton condition for sodium bicarbonate, NaHCOa, added to water. Solution... 

Let us first determine the composition of 10 M solutions of HaCOs, sodium bicarbonate, NaHC03, and sodium carbonate, NoaCOa in both systems. The proton conditions for the closed system are... 

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