Protection of biomacromolecules against external stress cryo and lyoprotections

Protection of biomacromolecules against external stress (cryo and lyoprotections) 

This is another field of research that has undergone appreciable development in recent years. No definitive answer concerning these problems of bioprotection has yet emerged, but interesting results shed some light on the structural role played in these mechanisms by the H-bond network that the water molecules develop in and around biomacromolecules. 

Survival under freezing temperatures or hydric stress 

How do these disaccharides operate, particularly nehalose, which is the most effective one in terms of functional recovery In order to answer such a question, many experimental methods have been used. They are aU classical methods to observe water molecules and 

The importance for biomacromolecules of the extended H-bond network provided by liquid water clearly appears when modifications of this network are applied. Suppressing it by drying, or rigidifying it by freezing are lethal actions. The role of protectors such as trehalose is to partly avoid its collapse, by replacing it with another artificial network that maintains a minimum of its essential stractural features during a sufficient time to wait for 

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