Properties of In Situ PEDOT

Especially because of its high conductivity combined with its very good overall performance, large industrial use of in situ PEDOT in its widest sense has been established. This is discussed in later chapters. 

As pointed out in the previous section, with standard recipes conductive layers with around 500 S/cm are easily achievable. There are several publications and patents demonstrating the great potential of in situ PEDOT to achieve four-digit values under special conditions. For example, 1000 to 1200 S/cm have been disclosed in a patent application, where iron(III) camphor-sulfonate was used as the oxidant instead of the Fe(III) tosylate. ° Nearly 1200 S/cm has also been published by Levermore et al. as an upper value.  

Here this extreme conductivity has been achieved by depositing the PEDOT in a vapor phase process (VPP PEDOT) with EDOT vapor on to a spin-coated active layer of iron(III) tosylate in a vacuum chamber at about 10 mbar. In another publication a four-digit number (1025 S/cm) for the conductivity of a vapor phase deposited in situ PEDOT was reported by Winther-Jensen and West.22 

Regarding their visual appearance, in situ PEDOT Tos layers do not differ very much from PEDOTPSS films or electrochemically prepared PEDOT films with other counterions. Thin films are light blue, transparent and visually homogeneous. The transparency clearly follows Beer s law.  

A very detailed investigation regarding the influence of a vast amount of parameters onto the properties of in situ PEDOT has been published 2004.  

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