Production tanks, shell design

Plate distillation column system—has trays that are designed to enhance vapor-liquid contact in the distillation process. Plate columns may be bubble-cap, valve tray, or sieve tray. The basic components of a plate distillation column include a feed line, feed tray, rectifying or enriching section, stripping section, downcomer, shell, reflux line, energy balance system, overhead cooling system, condenser, preheater, reboiler, accumulator, feed tank, product tanks, bottom line, top line, side stream, and advanced instrument control system. 

Two types of designs are commonly applied. For cone top tanks or internal floating roof tanks with other than pontoon decks, multiple foam makers are mounted on the upper edge of the tank shell. These systems are designed to deliver and protect the entire surface area of the liquid of the tank. For open and covered floating roof tanks with pontoon decks, the foam system is designed to protea the seal area. Foam makers are mounted on the outside of the tank shell near the rim and foam is run down inside to the seal area that is provided with vertical barrier adjacent to the seal area i.e., a foam dam to hold the foam in the seal area. This method tends to cause the movement of cooler product to the surface to aid in extinguishment of... 

The resistance of an anchor bolt subjected to tension can be considered as a fraction of the ultimate force, defined as the product of the bolt net area with the ultimate stress of the bolt material. Bolts should also be designed so that then-attachment plate to the shell tank does not fail in shear. Finally, the bolts should be adequately anchored and designed against pullout or punching shear failure. 

---