Procedure for Transformation of MicHERA to PERA

2 Procedure for Transformation of MicHERA to PERA/Nano-ZnO Bionanocomposite 

PERA/Nano-ZnO bionanocomposite was synthesized in domestic microwave oven model LG MS 1927C operating at 230V- 50 Hz frequency. MicHERA (0.04 mole) and finely powdered divalent zinc acetate (1 wt%, 3 wt%, 5 wt% and 7 wt% of monomer) were taken in an Erlenmeyer flask and placed in a microwave oven for 2-3 min, thereafter finely powdered maleic anhydride (0.04 mole) was added in the same pot and kept again for 2-3 min under same conditions. The reaction was monitored by TLC and acid value. The synthesized bionanocomposites were translucent light yellow color liquids (98-100% yield), designated as PERA/nano ZnO-1, PERA/ nano ZnO-3, PERA/nano ZnO-5 and PERA/nano ZnO-7 (suffix indicates the % of divalent zinc acetate yield 100%). FTIR (cm 3373- 3367- (-OH), 3057-3051 (t), C=CH- maleic), 3007-3005 (u, C=C-H of fatty acid alkyl chain), 2926.01(1), -CH asym), 2856.58 (i), -CH sym), 1737-1732 (l), C=0 maleic), 1625-1618(broad, 1), C=0 amide), 1222-1172 (C-C(=0) -O-C), 1120-1122 (l), C-O secondary hydroxyl), 1068-1066 (i), C-O primary hydroxyl), 657-653(6, surface -OH of nano ZnO), 472-463(1), nano Zn-O). 

4 Fungal Isolates Used and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC Determination 

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