Primitive restricted

Orkoulas G and Panagiotopoulos A Z 1999 Phase behavior of the restricted primitive model and square-well fluids from Monte Carlo simulations in the grand canonical ensemble J. Chem. Phys. 110 1581... 

Rasaiah J C, Card D N and Valleau J 1972 Calculations on the restricted primitive model for 1-1-electrolyte solutions J. Chem. Phys. 56 248... 

Gillan M 1980 Upper bound on the free energy of the restricted primitive model for ionic liquids Mol. Phys. 41 75... 

Using the Omstein-Zemicke equation, numerical solutions for the restricted primitive model can be. 

Thermodynamics is the branch of science that embodies the principles of energy transformation in macroscopic systems. The general restrictions which experience has shown to apply to all such transformations are known as the laws of thermodynamics. These laws are primitive they cannot be derived from anything more basic. 

The popular and well-studied primitive model is a degenerate case of the SPM with = 0, shown schematically in Figure (c). The restricted primitive model (RPM) refers to the case when the ions are of equal diameter. This model can realistically represent the packing of a molten salt in which no solvent is present. For an aqueous electrolyte, the primitive model does not treat the solvent molecules exphcitly and the number density of the electrolyte is umealistically low. For modeling nano-surface interactions, short-range interactions are important and the primitive model is expected not to give adequate account of confinement effects. For its simphcity, however, many theories [18-22] and simulation studies [23-25] have been made based on the primitive model for the bulk electrolyte. Ap-phcations to electrolyte interfaces have also been widely reported [26-30]. 

Yan, Q.L. de Pablo, J.J., Hyper-parallel tempering Monte Carlo Application to the Lennard-Jones fluid and the restricted primitive model, J. Chem. Phys. 1999, 111, 9509-9516... 

Carlo Application to the Lennard-Jones Fluid and the Restricted Primitive Model. 

Some bacteria are able to take up DNA from their surroundings and exchange regions with their own DNA. This recombination is the basis of a primitive sexual process known as transformation. However, recombination with DNA from species other than the same as the bacterium is unlikely to be beneficial and it is likely that restriction enzymes have evolved to destroy such foreign DNA. 

Since boron concentrations in mantle minerals are exceedingly low, boron isotope analysis of mantle minerals are very restricted. On the basis of a boron budget between mantle and crust, Chaussidon and Marty (1995) conclnded that the primitive mantle had a 5 B-value of-10 2%c.ForMORB Spivack and Edmond (1987) and Chaussidon and Marty (1995) reported a 5 B-value of aronnd -4%c. Higher and lower 5 B-values observed in some ocean island basalts shonld be due to crustal assimilation (Tanaka and Nakamura 2005). 

The Hartree-Fock ground state of the F anion is described by orbitals of s Emd of p symmetry. In the first part of this study, attention was restricted to the convergence of the second order many-body perturbation theory component of the correlation energy for stematically constructed even-tempered basis sets of primitive Gaussian-typ>e functions of s and p symmetry. 

If we introduce one restriction, namely, y = 90°, we get a rectangular lattice. This is the second of the five types, Figure 11.36. For a reason to be made clear shortly we describe this more precisely as a primitive rectangular lattice. 

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