Presence of surface oxide

Deterioration of electrode performance due to corrosion of electrode components is a critical problem. The susceptibility of MHt electrodes to corrosion is essentially determined by two factors surface passivation due to the presence of surface oxides or hydroxides, and the molar volume of hydrogen, VH, in the hydride phase. As pointed out by Willems and Buschow [40], VH is important since it governs alloy expansion and contraction during the charge-discharge cycle. Large volume changes... 

The chemical and physical properties of carbon black are strongly influenced by die presence of surface oxides which are formed during the manufacturing process. This paper... 

Verhoek if he has examined freshly prepared films for the presence of surface oxide. 

The relationship between phenol adsorption and the chemical state of carbon surfaces is unclear. Some workershave claimed that the presence of surface oxides decreases the adsorption of phenol, others that it enhanced... 

There are also differences in the carbon strnctnre formed on the two faces. On the Si-face, graphene grows layer by layer epitaxially with an orientational phase rotated 30° relative to SiC, whereas C-face films can have multiple orientational phases [4,25]. Moreover, on the Si-face, small graphene domains (30-100 mn in diameter) are formed, whereas on the C-face, larger domains ( 200 nm) of multilayered graphene are observed [26]. The different decomposition of SiC on the Si- and C-face is related to differences in their surface reconstruction and surface energies, but possibly also to the presence of surface oxides and nanofacetting. 

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