Posterior choroidal artery

Bogousslavsky et al. 1988). Posterior choroidal artery infarcts result in visual field defects, variable sensory loss, hemiparesis, dystonia, hand tremor and occasionally amnesia and aphasia. Visual field defects, commonly quadrantanopia or hemianopia, are found if the lateral posterior choroidal arteries branches are involved in isolation. Unusual field defects such as homonymous horizontal sec-toranopia or wedge shaped homonymous hemianopia, may also be found and may be explained by the dual blood supply to the lateral geniculate body by... 

The mesencephalon has four arterial territories anteromedial (paramedian branches of the basilar artery anterolateral (branches from the P2 segment of the PCA) lateral (branches from P2 segment of PCA and from posterior choroidal arteries) and dorsal (branches from PI segment of PCA and superior cerebellar artery). Isolated mesencephalic infarcts are rare because the arteries supplying blood to the mesencephalon (basilar artery, posterior cerebral artery and superior cerebellar artery)... 

Saeki N, Shimazaki K, Yamaura A (1999) Isolated infarction in the territory of lateral posterior choroidal arteries. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 67 413-415 Saposnik G, Caplan LR (2001) Convulsive-like movements in brainstem stroke. Arch Neurol 58 654-657 Schmahmann JD (2003) Vascular syndromes of the thalamus. Stroke 34 2264-2278... 

The anterior choroidal artery. This branch of the internal carotid artery can anastomose with the posterior choroidal artery, a branch of the posterior cerebral artery. 

Fig. 11. Following amygdalo-hippocampectomy the important structures surrounding the lateral peduncle are visible i.e., optic tract, basilar vein, anterior and posterior choroidal arteries, P-2 segment and plexus choroideus...

Small hypophyseal and meningeal branches of the ICA are not visible in MR angiographies. The first originating vessel is the ophthalmic artery from the C3 segment. Distally the posterior communicating artery and subsequently the anterior choroidal artery arise from the ICA. A direct origin of the posterior cerebral artery from the ICA is referred to as embryonic type. 

These include infarcts in the territory of (1) the deep perforators of the MCA, anterior cerebral artery (ACA) and posterior cerebral artery (PCA), posterior communicating artery (PcomA), the lenticulo-striate arteries and the anterior choroidal artery (2) the superficial perforators (white matter medullary branches) of the superficial pial arteries (3) border-zone or junctional infarcts between 1 and 2 (4) combined infarcts. Small (< 1.5 mm infarcts - lacunes) are usually caused by single perforator disease while larger infarcts have a more diverse pathophysiology including embolism and MCA stenosis (Bang et al. 2002). 

The anterior choroidal artery arises from the last section of the internal carotid artery, just beyond the posterior communicating artery origin, and supplies the optic tract, internal capsule, medial parts of the basal ganglia, the medial part of the temporal lobe, thalamus, lateral geniculate body, proximal optic radiation and midbrain. Occasionally it arises from the proximal middle cerebral artery or posterior communicating artery. Minor twiglets... 

The sclera is considered avascular because it contains no capillary beds. It obtains sufficient nutrition to meet its low metabolic requirements from the episcleral and choroidal blood supplies. The episclera obtains a rich blood supply from the anterior and posterior ciliary arteries.The episclera contains two vascular supplies, a superficial vascular plexus and a deep vascular plexus. 

The posterior lateral choroidal artery may arise in the middle or terminal portion of the P-2 segment just before its bifurcation or it may arise from either the inferolateral or superomedial trunk. This occurs at the level of the posterior rim of the peduncle. The vessel continues then to enter the choroid plexus to anastomose with the choroid plexus branch of the... 

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