Post-irradiation heat treatment

Each type of dosimeter requires a specific procedure to assure accurate and reproducible results, such as post-irradiation heat treatment. Others need to be stabilized for a certain time (up to 24 hours with some) before readings of absorbance are taken.7 9 The absorbance reading can be done by conventional spectrophotometry or other more involved methods. 

Experimental non-destructive techniques based on positron annihilation phenomena and the MOssbauer effect were used to study real reactor pressure vessel and steam generators. Positron annihilation spectroscopy and Mossbauer spectroscopy were applied to investigate chemical composition, irradiation and post-irradiation heat treatment effects on the microstructures of steels, in order to enhance our understanding of the mechanisms of anomalous structural degradation after irradiation. Mossbauer spectroscopy was used also for corrosion and ageing studies. 

From MS measurements performed on the Western RPV steels A533B Cl.l (IRQ, HSST03) and Linde 0124 weld (73W), we can conclude that the thermal treatment (up to 700 °C), irradiation (up to = 5 x 10 n/cm > 1 MeV) and post-irradiation heat treatment did not affect the MS parameters substantially. 

In this section, we introduce post-synthetic treatments that enable further modification of the physical properties such as the structural, electrical, and optical properties of the as-prepared light-emitting polymer nanostructures. Of the various methods of controlling the intrinsic characteristics of nanostructures, we discuss the electrochemical doping and dedoping process using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and unfocused electron (E)-beam irradiation. Hydrothermal treatment of undoped NPs is presented, which involves application of external pressure and heat to NPs. Finally, we describe hybridization with nanoscale... 

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