Positive numbers, subtracting

To obtain the predicted shift for the carbon atom in methane, we subtract its absolute value from that of the reference molecule, resulting in a predicted shift of -3.9 ppm, which is in reasonable agreement with the experimental value of -7.0. Note the sign convention for shifts a negative number indicates that there is more shielding in the specified molecule than in the reference molecule, and a positive number indicates that there is less shielding than in the reference molecule. 

Project Remodel Building 7 to provide four additional offices by the end of the 3rd quarter at a cost not to exceed 17,500. If you prefer over budget and schedule amounts to be negative numbers, subtract actual from budget and planned. Under budget and schedule amounts will then be positive numbers. 

The Problem The difference between two positive numbers is 20. If you square the larger number and subtract ten times the smaller number from the square, you get 575. What are the two numbers ... 

Let the symbol N-f represent the number per unit area of the flipped dipoles with the hydrogen end toward the solution, and N be the number per unit area of the flop-down position. The subtraction of these numbers should give the net number of dipoles oriented in the up (T) direction, i.e., N = N Nj. Thus, Eq. (6.149) can be written as... 

If the polyatomic ion has a positive charge, subtract the appropriate number of valence electrons. (For example, the net charge of 1+... 

Count the total number of valence electrons available by first using the group numbers to add the valence electrons from all the atoms present. If the species is a negative ion, add additional electrons to achieve the total charge. If it is a positive ion, subtract enough electrons to result in the total charge. 

The excess at each position in the celestial sky is computed by counting the number events from that sky position and subtracting the estimated background. For a given point the background is computed from data collected at the same local detector coordinates (0,4>), but at a different time, so that the celestial angles of the background event sample do not overlap with the source position under consideration. The method of Li and Ma[10] is used to compute the final probability of the observed excess or deficit. 

In specific heat calculations, we use the magnitude of the temperature change (i.e., a positive number), so we subtract the lower temperature from the higher one in both cases. 

If subtracting (N + O) from LogP yields a positive number... 

Subtract 18 from both sides, leaving j + j = j + j- Since y is larger than j, the left side of the equation (quantity A) is negative and the right side (quantity B) is positive. A positive number is always greater than a negative number, so quantity B is greater. 

Subtract the mean from each of the measurements represented. (Note that for measurements greater than the mean, these subtractions will result in positive numbers but for measurements less than the mean the results will be negative numbers.) The results of these subtractions are called the differences (d). 

When a positive number and a negative number are added, the smaller number is subtracted from the larger number, and the result has the same sign as the larger number. 

In this approach, we represent the lattice by a collection of bonds (b) which contains lattice points (a) as a subfigure these units are depicted in Table 3.10.1. Let Z denotes the number of nearest neighbors to every lattice site then from every one of the L lattice sites there emanate Z bonds, each of which terminates in two points. To prevent an overcount, we therefore populate the bond figure assembly with (Z/2)L units. This collection already contains ZL points, while the correct count for the lattice is only L. To eliminate this overcount, we introduce a subarray of (1 — Z)L points, so that the sum of the two arrays properly represents the lattice to this (low) degree of approximation. That the second assembly contains a negative number of units need cause no concern one may alternatively consider the point array to consist of a positive number of constituents and then subtract their physical properties from those of the bond array—our approach is simply an equivalent operation. 

Formal charge (Section 1 6) The charge either positive or negative on an atom calculated by subtracting from the number of valence electrons in the neutral atom a number equal to the sum of its unshared electrons plus half the elec trons in its covalent bonds... 

The unit positive charge on the proton balances the unit negative charge on the electron. In neutral atoms, the number of electrons is exactly equal to the number of protons. In an iron atom (Fe ), there are 26 electrons and just 26 protons. A cation is formed by removing electrons not by adding protons. An ion has one electron less than the neutral atom M . Similarly, an anion M" is formed by adding an electron and not by subtracting a proton from M°. 

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