Porous hydrogen silsesquioxane

Moitra, N., Kanamori, K., Shimada, T., Takeda, K., Ikuhara, Y.H., Gao, X., and Nakanishi, K. (2013) Synthesis of hierarchically porous hydrogen silsesquioxane monoliths and embedding of metal nanoparticles by on-site reduction. Adv. Funct. Mater., 23, 2714-2722. 

Although silicon nanocrystals are now more commonly prepared by a variety of means which are easier to scale up, e.g., pyrolysis of silanes (Xuegeng et al. 2004), thermal treatment of silsesquioxanes (Hessel et al. 2006, 2010), and from reactions of molecular silicon compounds (Wilcoxon et al. 1999 Bley and Kauzlarich 1996), this review will concentrate on routes which proceed via the formation of porous silicon. More general reviews of silicon nanocrystals Irom physics and chemistry perspectives are available (Shirahata 2011 Kang et al. 2011 Heitmann et al. 2005). Derivatization of porous silicon and SiNCs usually relies on the chemistry of the hydrogen-terminated silicon surface, which shares some of the organic reactivity of hydrosilanes (Buriak 2002). Reaction with alcohols results in Si-O-C bonded monolayers (Sweryda-Krawiec et al. 1999), but these are suseeptible to hydrolysis under ambient conditions. Alternately, addition of surface Si-H aeross a C = C double bond produces Si-C bonded monolayers, which are very stable. 

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