Porous catalytic system

Two different systems can be identified depending on the porosity nonporous or porous catalytic system. In case of nonporous systems, it is possible to discriminate among (i) chip-like MSR with thin film coating, (ii) chip-like MSR with... 

The liquid-phase selective oxidation of hydrocarbons is a wide area of research, and relevant heterogeneously-catalysed industrial processes are mostly carried out with mixed oxides or ordered porous catalytic systems, which escape the scope of this chapter. For a more comprehensive survey of the industrial and technological developments within industrial liquid-phase oxidation reactions, we recommend generic literature, in particular the Handbook of Heterogenous Catalysis and recent reviews on oxidation with with transition-metal complexes by Bregeault et al and Punniyamurthy. However, from a more academic perspective, there has been significant progress in this research area which we describe below, in sections divided on the basis of the substrate of the reaction. 

Porous Catalytic Systems in the Synthesis of Bioactive Heterocycles and Related Compounds... 

Porous Catalytic Systems 378 3.2.1 Five-Membered Ring Heterocycles 387... 

POROUS CATALYTIC SYSTEMS IN THE SYNTHESIS OF BIOACTIVE HETEROCYCLES... 

Under this background, this chapter is aimed to offer an up-to-date of the most recent advances in the synthesis of biologically active heterocycles or related compoxmds by using porous catalytic systems. 

The development of more active and selective novel catalytic materials for efficiently carrying out chemical processes under environment-friendly conditions is an urgent present-day need and a challenging scientific target. Hence, this section particularly summarizes the most relevant characteristics of the porous catalytic systems... 

The Knoevenagel condensation is one of the most useful C-C bond forming reaction in organic synthesis. This reaction is often the key catalytic step in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds followed by intramolecular hetero-cyclization. Porous catalytic systems have been reported to be in use in the preparation of O-heterocycles through Knoevenagel condensation, particularly in the synthesis of chromenes, coumarins, and xanthenediones. 

In this section, the most relevant biologically active N-containing heterocycles which are synthesized by using porous catalytic systems are revised. 

Five-membered ring heterocyclic compoxmds containing nitrogen are one of the most common heterocycles. In fact, the synthesis of a great variety of that such as pyrrole, pyrazole, imidazole, triazole, tetrazole, lactams, and imides involving porous catalytic systems have been investigated. 

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