Population genetics model

HG] K. P. Hadeler and D. Glas (1983), Quasimonotone systems and convergence to equilibrium in a population genetic model, Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 95 297-303. 

Bursill CA, Channon KM, Greaves DR. The role of chemokines in atherosclerosis recent evidence from experimental models and population genetics. Curr Opin Lipidol 2004 15(2) 145-149. 

Not applicable — the common fruit fly has been an important model in medicine and population genetics for much of the last century. It is suitable for many types of studies, including electrophysiology... 

Africa to Asia and Europe. For example, African populations were significantly different from Caucasians and Asians for the COMT, MDR1, and CYP3A4, polymorphisms [61, 84—88]. Most models of population genetics define clear differences between African and Caucasian subjects [17]. In contrast, there was no significant difference in TSER allele frequency between the Africans and Caucasians. 

The nucleotide diversity in silent positions may be calculated for a given sample size and sequence length and is about 8 to 10 per 10,000 sites. Estimates of 6 and n (diversity and heterozygosity) were close to each other, as suggested by the neutral theory assuming constant population size (10,000 individuals) under the infinite sites model of population genetics (Li, 1997). 

This concludes a discussion of exactly solvable second-order processes. As one can see, only a very few second-order cases can be solved exactly for their time dependence. The more complicated reversible reactions such as 2Apt C seem to lead to very complicated generating functions in terms of Lame functions and the like. This shows that even for reasonably simple second- and third-order reactions, approximate techniques are needed. This is not only true in chemical kinetic applications, but in others as well, such as population and genetic models. The actual models in these fields are beyond the scope of this review, but the mathematical problems are very similar. Reference 62 contains a discussion of many of these models. A few of the approximations that have been tried are discussed in Ref. 67. It should also be pointed out at this point that the application of these intuitive methods to chemical kinetics have never been justified at a fundamental level and so the results, although intuitively plausible, can be reasonably subject to doubt. 

Fluctuations of selection intensity have received much attention in population genetics because it is quite reasonable to assume that some relevant environmental variables change the fitness value of different genotypes over generations. Deterministic treatments derive from the model of Haldane and Jayakar stochastic fluctuations were first considered by Kimura and Dempster. Recent reviews are those of Felstein and Maynard-Smith and Hoekstra. ... 

Variable selection is performed by using Genetic Algorithms (GA), based on the evolution of a population of models. In genetic algorithm terminology, the binary vector I is called a chromosome, which is a p-dimensional vector where each position (a gene) corresponds to a variable (1 if included in the model, 0 otherwise). Each chromosome represents a model with a subset of variables. 

---