Pools emission rates, estimation

Detailed material and energy balance represent an alternate method for estimation of liquid pool emission rates. The mass transfer from the liquid pool surface to the surroundings gas phase can be estimated from the following equation ... 

Duiser (1989) calculates emissive power from rate of combustion and released heat. As a conservative estimate, he uses a radiation fraction (/) of 0.35. He proposed the following equation for calculating the emissive power of a pool fire ... 

Figure 4 The global disequilibrium effect. value of CO2 currently fixed into plants (associated with photosynthetic discrimination, is lower than that of older CO2 respired back to the atmospheric CO2 (no fractionation is assumed). This is due to the rapid decrease in atmospheric associated with fossil fuel emissions, on the one hand, and to the slow turnover of carbon in the biosphere, on the other hand. A similar disequilibrium occurs in the ocean where the atmospheric trend influences the values of newly formed Die, while the ocean mean DIG pool lags behind this equilibrium values due to slow mmover rates (not shown). The atmospheric trend shown is based on the best fit line to the data of Francey et al. (1999) the land organic matter trend is obtained by appl3ung global mean = 18%o, and moving it back in time by 27 yr, the first order estimate of global mean soil carbon turnover time. The resulting 0.6%o disequilibrium for the 1990s is within the range of current estimates for both land and ocean.

The amount of soot produced by in-situ oil fires is not known, although estimates vary from 0.5 to 3% of the original oil volume. There are no accurate measurement techniques because the emissions from fires cover such large areas. Estimates of soot production are complicated by the fact that particulates precipitate from the smoke plume at a decreasing rate from the fire outwards. When bums are conducted on ice, heavy soot precipitation occurs near the oil pool, but rapidly becomes imperceptible farther away from the burn (usually a few metres), depending on the amount of oil burned. 

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