Pontine gray

Kosinski RJ, Neafsey EJ, Castro AJ (1986) A comparative topographical analysis of dorsal column nuclear and cerebral cortical projections to the basilar pontine gray in rats. J. Comp. Neurol, 244, 163-173. 

Fig. 1. Integrative aspects of cognitive and motor loops. Disturbances in cognitive loops predominate in AD, and motor loops are predominantly affected in PD. Abbreviations nc, nucleus ext pall, external pallidum int pall, internal pallidum nc paranigr, nucleus paranigralis nc subthal, nucleus subthalamicus pont gray, pontine gray. Modified from Alexander et al., 1986 Gerlach et al., 1991b Nieuwenhuys et al., 1991 Braak and Braak, 1993.

Figure 4.2 Model of the network responsible for paradoxical sleep onset and maintenance Abbreviations DRN, dorsal raphe nucleus 5-HT, serotonin LC, locus coeruleus NA, noradrenaline LDT, laterodorsal tegmental nucleus Ach, acetylcholine Me, magnocellular reticular nucleus Gly glycine DPMe, deep mesencephalic reticular nucleus PAG, periaqueductal gray DPGi, dorsal paragigantocellular reticular nucleus PPT, pedunculopontine nucleus PRN, pontine reticular nucleus SLD, sublaterodorsal nucleus Glu, glutamate Pef/HLA perifornical/lateral hypothalamic area Hcrt, hypocretin (i.e. orexin).

Rhombencephalon raphe nuclei, locus coeruleus, pontine reticular formation dorsal raphe nucleus, central gray... 

Noradrenergic cell bodies are found primarily in a compact cell group called the locus caeruleus located in the caudal pontine central gray matter. The number of neurons in this cell group is small, approximately 1500 on each side of the brain in the rat. 

DMPAG dorsomedial periaqueductal gray 41-55, 79-80 DMPn dorsomedial pontine nucleus 51... 

DP dorsal peduncular cortex 8-11, 79-81, 104-107 DpG deep gray layer of the superior colliculus 42-52, 80-83, 107-113 DPGi dorsal paragigantocellular nucleus 63-71, 80-81, 93-95 DpMe deep mesencephalic nucleus 40-52, 82-84, 101-106 DPO dorsal periolivary region 55-59, 83, 90 DPPn dorsal peduncular pontine nucleus 51 DpWh deep white layer of the superior colliculus 42-52, 80-81, 107-110... 

Fig. 5. Drawing of the brainstem depicting neurons and pathways likely to use glutamate as a neurotransmitter. 1 = primary afferent inputs to the dorsal column nuclei (a), the solitary tract nucleus (b), and the cochlear nucleus (c) 2 = granule cell/parallel fibers in the dorsal cochlear nucleus 3 = calyces of Held in the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body 4 = cochlear nucleus inputs to the lateral superior olive 5 = input to the oculomotor nucleus from the ventral lateral vestibular nucleus 6 = input to the oculomotor nucleus from the abducens nucleus 7 = corticocollieular inputs 8 = spinal input to the periaqueductal gray 9 = inputs to the red nucleus and pontine nuclei from the cerebellar nuclei. For further details, see Section 3.3.

---