Polymeric monomer reactant approach

For a fixed extent of reaction, the presence of multifunctional monomers in an equimolar mixture of reactive groups increases the degree of polymerization. Conversely, for the same mixture a lesser extent of reaction is needed to reach a specified with multifunctional reactants than without them. Remember that this entire approach is developed for the case of stoichiometric balance. If the numbers of functional groups are unequal, this effect works in opposition to the multifunctional groups. 

The other approach to 100% solids coatings is to carry out the polymerization reaction right on the surface. Reactive liquid monomer or oligomer (low molecular weight polymer) is deposited on the surface and polymerized there. The reactants may be two components or a condensation pair (e.g., epoxies. Example 2.40, or polyurethanes. Example 2.4Q), which are mixed just prior to the application and heat-cured on the surface, or they may be unsaturated materials that undergo addition polymerization (acrylates, ROOC-CH=CH2, because of their high reactivity, are favored here). 

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