Polymer polynucleotide interactions

The inhibitions described above occurred only when the analog and polynucleotide contained complementary bases. These combinations are not the only ones in which the interaction can occur, e.g., affinity methods detect some interaction between the non-complementary poly-9-vinyladenine and polyadenylate Apparently, such complexes are too unstable to affect the enzymatic reactions nevertheless, extensive modification of the analog can increase the stability of the polymer-polynucleotide complex to the point where such a polymer can effectively inhibit the reaction. Thus, omisssion of the amino group from poly-9-vinyladenine leads to poly-9-vinylpurine and the latter polymer inhibits the reverse transcription of polyadenylate and polyuridylate The introduction of a dimethylamino group in place of the amino group of poly-9-vinyladenine abolMies all of its inhibitory effects All these effects can be correlated with the ability of polymers to form complexes with templates. 

Polymer surfactant interaction has been examined by using sodium 2-(N-dodecyIamino)naphthalene-6-sulphonate as a probe. Solute-solvent interaction of free base phthalocyanine has been examined in both polyethylene and polystyrene by the effect of pressure on spectroscopic hole burning s Fluorescence has been used to indicate the onset of aggregation in water soluble polymers s interaction of pyrenylmethyltributylphosphonium bromide with single strand polynucleotides , and the interaction of indole compounds with synthetic polyelectrolytes. ... 

The apparent hypochromieities of cationic analogs with polynucleotides are compiled in Table 2. As is clear from the table, some of the cationic models interact strongly with polynucleotides. The hypochromieities of the polymers with polynucleotides are similar to that reported for some neutral model compounds21-23, or fairly higher than those of most neutral and anionic models hitherto synthesized (see Sections 2.1. and 2.3.). The large hypoehromieity values of the cationic models... 

Our objective is to understand how the noncovalent interactions responsible for nucleic acid secondary structure (i.e. base stacking and base pairing) affect the photophysics of these multichromophoric systems. Here we describe initial experimental results that demonstrate dramatic differences in excited-state dynamics of nucleic acid polymers compared to their constituent monomers. Although ultrafast internal conversion is the dominant relaxation pathway for single bases, electronic energy relaxation in single-stranded polynucleotides... 

Fig. 8 Model for the response of polynucleotide-sensitive copolymers of NIPAM and derivatives of phenylboronic acid and phenylthiourea on silicon surfaces. Interaction with the nucleotide is supposed to result in unwinding of the polymer structure, causing decrease in contact angle by exposure of hydrophilic moieties. Reprinted, with permission, from [83]. Copyright (2009) American Chemical Society...

The mechanism of macrophage activation with polymer drugs such as synthetic polynucleotides and polyanionic polymers is not clearly understood. Two possibilities based on physiological responses are (1) the direct interaction or perturbation by the polymer drug with the cell cytoplasma membrane, and (2)... 

A similar behavior was reported for the interactions between N-vinyl type polymers with polynucleotides. The ability for forming the complex of poly U was higher than that of poly A. 

Although interactions between the linear graft polymers have been observed, interactions between the branched polymers, A-br-PEI/T-br-PEI, have not. This can be explained by the low compatibility and penetration ability of the branched polymers. Interactions between the branched polymer and the polynucleotide have, however, been detected. The stoichiometry of thecomplex shows that the value of the branched polymer is always high which may be due to the branched structure. In spite of this structure, the complex formation ability with polynucleotide is high. 

From various physical and biophysical properties of nucleic acid analogs the most important property for the present purpose is their interaction with nucleic acids. The spectrophotometric methods for detection of complex formation were applied to all combinations of polyvinyl polynucleotide analogs and natural polynucleotides (Fig. 3). In aqueous media hypochromic complexes were formed in combinations where the bases in the polynucleotide and analog were complementary. Poly-l-vinylcytosine is soluble in aqueous-propylene glycol base-pair type complexes were detected there also. An analog of polyinosinate, poly-9-vinylhypoxanthine, is soluble only in solutions of a detergent, sodium dodecylsulfate. This detergent intercalates into the polymer and conveys to it an... 

The molecular weight of the backbone polymer is another important factor. No interactions between the monomer and dimer models were observed under the conditions examined, nor was there any apparent interaction between the monomer model and the polymer. Interactions between the dimer models and their complementary polymers occur only at higher concentrations. In order to realize a stable complex formation, the molecular weight of the polymers should be high enough, as in the case of polynucleotides ... 

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