Polymer polymeric inorganic metal

This article deals with the polymer-metal complexes (Schemes 1 —5), because they have the following merits in comparison with other polymeric metal complexes, (i) Metal ion and ligand site can be chosen for study without restrictions, (ii) It is not difficult to control the molecular weight of a polymer complex and to modify the structure of a polymer ligand, (iii) The polymer complex is soluble in both aqueous and nonaqueous solvent, (iv) It is possible to change the ratio of the organic polymer part to the inorganic metal complex part. This explains why the polymer often affects the behavior of the metal complex. 

Already, a wide variety of materials have been used in the preparation of nanosystems, both organic (mainly polymeric) and inorganic, as seen in Table 1 polymers, lipids, phospholipids, metals, CNTs, and ceramics have all been employed to date. 

In the 1970s, interest arose in the modification of electrode surfaces by covalent attachment of monolayers of different species to electrode surfaces. Electrodes modified with thicker polymeric films and inorganic layers were introduced later. Paralleling this work was activity in the field of electronically conductive polymers and organic metals, many of which can be produced electrochemically. More complex structures (bilayers, arrays, biconductive films) have also been prepared. 

The wide assortment of polymer systans (polypropylene, poly(methyl methacrylate) [PMMA], polyepoxide, polystyrol, PC, etc.) is used as a polymeric matrix for nanocomposites production (Ray and Okamoto 2003). The most well-known fillers of polymeric matrix are nanoparticles (silica, metal, and other organic and inorganic particles), layered materials (graphite, layered aluminosilicates, and other layered minerals), and fibrous materials (nanofibers and nanotubes) (Thostenson et al. 2005). Nanocomposite polymer materials containing metal or metal oxide particles attract growing interest due to their specific combination of physical and electric properties (Rozenberg and Tenne 2008, Zezin et al. 2010). Nanocomposites on the base of layered materials... 

Polymeric electrospun fibers are known to enhance the structural performance of composite polymeric materials [4]. Nanofibers made of materials other than polymers, such as metal oxides, carbon, ceramics, as well as composite organic-inorganic systems, have also been obtained and can be used advantageously in the field of nanocomposites, thus widening the spectrum of application of electrospun materials. 

Investigation of the materials properties of the cluster-based hybrid polymers is in its infancy, and the properties of the new hybrid polymers are far from being exploited. We have seen two clear trends in the materials properties of inorganic-organic hybrid polymers prepared by polymerization of metal oxo clusters with organic comonomers. They depend on the portion of incorporated cluster and, surprisingly, also on the kind of incorporated cluster. ... 

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