Polymer induced liquid-precursor

Such a liquid-liquid phase separation of a saturated crystallization solution can be induced with tiny amounts (pgmL range) of polyelectrolytes like PAsp or PAA in case of CaCOa. Gower et al. proposed the term polymer-induced liquid-precursor (PILP) process for the formation process of this type of precursors [137]. They can be observed as little droplets in the crystallization solution by light microscopy. Such liquid precursor droplets were independently observed with anionic dextran sulfate as additive [138]. The role of the polymer appears to be the sequestering and concentration of the calcium ions while simultaneously delaying crystal nucleation and growth to form a metastable solution. 

Polymer Induced Liquid Precursor (PILP) System... 

A recent polymer-assisted biominerlization method that has shown great effectiveness in remineraUzing carious dentin is based on a Polymer Induced Liquid Precursor (PILP) methodology (Fig. 9.3) [132, 133]. The PILP process is based on the action of minute amounts of acidic polypeptides which are added to a remineralization solution. The anionic polymer functions be sequestering... 

Burwell, A.K., Thula-Mata, T., Gower, L.B., HabeUtz, S., Kurylo, M., Ho, S.P., et til. Functional remineraUzation of dentin lesions using polymer-induced liquid-precursor process. PLoS ONE 7, e38852 (2012)... 

Thula-Mata, T., BurweU, A., Gower, L.B., HabeUz, S., Marshall, G.W. Remineialization of artificial dentin lesions via the Polymer-Induced Liquid-Precursor (PILP) Process. In Materials Research Society symposia proceedings Materials Resettfch Society, vol. 1355, p. 1114 (2011)... 

Dipcoating a liquid polymer or a solution of a carbon precursor is introduced into the monolith channels by dipcoating, and then it is converted into carbon by heating in an inert atmosphere sometimes, the polymer is preoxidized to induce cross-linking to avoid mobility during heating. 

This polyimide precursor forms a polymer coating on the glass surface, onto which alignment may be introduced by rubbing, before the coating has hardened such rubbed films induce orientation in liquid crystalline materials. 

The self-organizing nature of liquid crystal polymers is reflected in their complex flow behavior. The relaxation phenomenon of lyotropic polymer solution after shear cessation leads to band texture morphology that can be further induced to isotropic materials. Future research should focus on solvents influence on band size implicitly related to the induced pattern in polymers with different structures. Another aspect that could be explored is the imidization of patterned polyimide precursors and those conditions in which the texture is still maintained. 

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