Polymer compositions, starch

A large number of inorganic and organic substances are used as fillers in polymer composites. Calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, clays, silica, and talc are common examples. Glass beads are often used in traffic paints to increase reflectivity. Metal fibers are sometimes added to impart conductivity or to improve metal plating. A number of organic materials are also used, including wood flout cellulose, and even corncobs. We will encounter starch/ ... 

The solid phase of bread crumb can be viewed as a composite material where amylose, amylopectin and protein form separated phases due to poor thermodynamic miscibility of the different polymers. Composites are characterized by exhibiting mechanical properties that cannot be achieved with the individual constituents alone, but are dependent on the interface between the components. A sharp interface as found between starch and protein provides strong evidence of little polymer interdiffusion and weak interfacial adhesion.14 The present results suggest that starch forms a continuous phase in bread which has also been confirmed with confocal scanning laser microscopy.15 The presence of a protein phase reduces the continuity of the starch phase and, thus, reduces the cohesion of the material as revealed by a comparison of the breaking stresses of aged flour and starch gels (data not shown).16... 

L. Gustav, J. Rehm, R.F. Stepto, R. Thoma, J.P. Sachetto, D.J. Lentz and J.Silbiger, Polymer composition containing destructurized starch, U.S. Patent 5095054, assigned to Warner-Lambert Company, March, 10,1992. 

Senna, M. M., Hossam, E M., El-naggar, A. W. M., Compatibilization of low-density polyethylene/plasticized starch blends by reactive compounds and electron beam irradiation. Polymer Composites 2008,29(10), 1137-1144. 

D.C. Schiltz, Biodegradable starch-based polymer compositions, US Patent 5 449 708, September 12,1995. 

Gustav L., Rehm J., Stepto R.F., Thoma R., Sachetto J-P, Lentz D.J., Silbiger J., Polymer composition containing destruc-turized starch, US Patent US 5095054, 1992. 

Acrylamide polymers Crosslinked starch graftpolyacrylamide composite SEM and CO2 release Sewage sludge Bacillus cereus and E. coll [193]... 

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