Resins From polyhydroxy compounds

Traces of formaldehyde, present in neat end-capped polymer or produced by processing polymer under abusive conditions, detract from polymer stabihty. Commercial resins typically contain formaldehyde scavengers. Nitrogen compounds, especially amines and amides, epoxies, and polyhydroxy compounds, are particularly efficacious scavengers. 

From the known, differential complexing between boronic acids and polyhydroxy compounds, it follows that carbohydrate mixtures may be separated by column-chromatographic methods that exploit the differences. Nucleoside and nucleotide boronates have been separated on columns of anion-exchange resins,90 and sugars and alditols have been shown to be differentially retained on such resins in the sulfonated phenylboronic acid form,64 but perhaps the best uses of column chromatography in this connection have incorporated the resolving powers of insoluble polymers to which boronic acid groups have been covalently bonded. Such insoluble forms of boronates have been synthesized either by substitution of polysaccharide derivatives, or by polymerization of suitable arylboronic acids. 

The products from the above polyesterifications are brittle materials. They are therefore modified with oils, either drying or nondrying. Such oil-modified resins bear the names of alkyds. While glycerol is widely used, other polyhydroxy compounds (polyols) are also utilized. These may be trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, or others. Phthalic anhydride is usually used in alkyd preparations. Other dicarboxylic compounds, however, may also be included for modification of properties. Common modifiers might be isophthalic, adipic, or sebacic acids, or maleic anhydride. In addition, many other acid modifiers are described in the patent literature. 

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